Duarte Daniel J, Hoondert Renske P J, Amato Elvio D, Dingemans Milou M L, Kools Stefan A E
KWR Water Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.
Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht Universities, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Water Res X. 2024 Jul 3;24:100232. doi: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100232. eCollection 2024 Sep 1.
Xanthates, derivatives of xanthic acid, are widely utilized across industries such as agrochemicals, rubber processing, pharmaceuticals, metallurgical, paper and mining to help separate metals from ore. Despite their prevalent use, many registered xanthates lack comprehensive information on potential risks to human health and the environment. The mining sector, a significant consumer of xanthates, drives demand. However, emissions into the environment remain poorly understood, especially concerning water quality. A recent EU parliamentary voting on water legislation highlights the urgency to address water pollution and the potential toxicity of xanthates. While limited data exist on xanthate presence in the environment, existing studies indicate their toxicity and contribution to environmental pollution, primarily due to carbon disulfide, a decomposition product. Concerns are mounting over the release of xanthates and carbon disulfide, particularly in mining areas near populated regions and river tributaries, raising questions about downstream impacts and public health risks. Proposed expansions of xanthate-reliant mining activities in Europe, heighten concerns about emissions and water quality impacts. Current databases lack xanthate-related monitoring data, hindering environmental and health risk assessments. Addressing this gap requires water sampling and chemical analysis and investigations into the use, occurrence, and potential impacts of xanthates from industrial activities on water bodies, including those used for drinking water production is imperative.
黄原酸盐是黄原酸的衍生物，广泛应用于农药、橡胶加工、制药、冶金、造纸和采矿等行业，以帮助从矿石中分离金属。尽管它们被广泛使用，但许多注册的黄原酸盐缺乏关于对人类健康和环境潜在风险的全面信息。采矿业是黄原酸盐的主要消费领域，推动了需求。然而，对环境的排放仍知之甚少，尤其是关于水质方面。欧盟最近就水法规进行的议会投票凸显了解决水污染和黄原酸盐潜在毒性问题的紧迫性。虽然关于环境中黄原酸盐存在的数据有限，但现有研究表明它们具有毒性并对环境污染有贡献，主要是由于其分解产物二硫化碳。对黄原酸盐和二硫化碳的释放，尤其是在人口密集地区附近的矿区和河流支流附近的释放，人们的担忧日益增加，这引发了关于下游影响和公共健康风险的问题。欧洲提议扩大依赖黄原酸盐的采矿活动，这加剧了对排放和水质影响的担忧。当前的数据库缺乏与黄原酸盐相关的监测数据，阻碍了环境和健康风险评估。解决这一差距需要进行水样采集和化学分析，并调查工业活动中黄原酸盐在水体中的使用、存在情况及其潜在影响，包括对用于饮用水生产的水体的影响，这是当务之急。
