Sah Rahul K, Panda Paramjot, Agrawal Sanjana, Tripathy Snehasish, Negi Sapna, Mehta Vini
School of Public Health, AIPH University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Health System Strengthening, State Health Resource Centre, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Jul;13(7):2746-2752. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1969_23. Epub 2024 Jun 28.
Stunting, indicating chronic malnutrition in children, remains a pressing concern globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries. India, despite substantial efforts, continues to grapple with high rates of stunting, impacting child development and health outcomes. Understanding the multifaceted factors contributing to stunting is crucial for targeted interventions and policy formulation.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Balipatana, Khordha district, Odisha, India among 400 children. A survey employing structured questionnaires and WHO Anthropometric guidelines for data collection was used. Statistical analyses including Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used to uncover significant associations.
The study revealed a stunting prevalence of 28% among children under five, with 7% severe and 21% moderate stunting. Regression analysis revealed key risk factors included low birth weight (1.5-2.5 kg), parental illiteracy, lower household income (Rs. 1000-15000), inadequate toilet facilities, and specific drinking water sources.
The findings align with global concerns about stunting, emphasizing the complex interplay of socioeconomic and environmental factors. Interventions targeting parental education, household economic status, and improving sanitation and drinking water facilities are imperative. By addressing these factors, focused efforts can be made to reduce childhood stunting, ensuring a healthier future for the nation's children.
发育迟缓表明儿童存在慢性营养不良，仍是全球尤其是低收入和中等收入国家的一个紧迫问题。印度尽管做出了大量努力，但发育迟缓率仍居高不下，影响儿童发育和健康结果。了解导致发育迟缓的多方面因素对于有针对性的干预措施和政策制定至关重要。
这项描述性横断面研究在印度奥里萨邦科德哈区的巴利帕塔纳对400名儿童进行。采用结构化问卷并依据世界卫生组织人体测量指南进行数据收集。运用包括卡方检验和逻辑回归模型在内的统计分析来揭示显著关联。
该研究显示五岁以下儿童发育迟缓患病率为28%，其中重度发育迟缓占7%，中度发育迟缓占21%。回归分析显示关键风险因素包括低出生体重（1.5 - 2.5千克）、父母文盲、家庭收入较低（1000 - 15000卢比）、卫生设施不足以及特定饮用水源。
研究结果与全球对发育迟缓问题的关注一致，强调了社会经济和环境因素的复杂相互作用。针对父母教育、家庭经济状况以及改善卫生和饮用水设施的干预措施势在必行。通过解决这些因素，可以集中精力减少儿童发育迟缓，为该国儿童确保一个更健康的未来。
