Hosseinpoor Saeed, Habibi Shiva, Mohammadi Amir
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 5;10(13):e34198. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34198. eCollection 2024 Jul 15.
This study addresses the potential impact of Lake Urmia on heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in the air and soil of the northern region of Lake Urmia in North West of Iran, highlighting significant environmental and health implications. The results showed different concentration levels for Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), and Lead (Pb) in soil and settled dust particles near Lake Urmia, and their concentrations exceeded recommended thresholds for Cr and Pb in some areas. Spatial distribution analysis indicated that local factors significantly affect contamination patterns, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. The study employed enrichment factor (EF) assessment and potential ecological risk (PER) index to identify pollution sources and evaluate associated ecological risks. The results indicated moderate to severe pollution levels in specific regions, particularly for Pb and Cd. Health risk assessments suggest that non-carcinogenic risks are generally below hazardous levels; however, concerns remain for Cr and As exposure. Future studies should focus on long-term trends, source apportionment methodologies, and health effects of heavy metal exposure to develop effective pollution management strategies. Collaborative, interdisciplinary approaches will be crucial in mitigating heavy metal pollution and protecting human and environmental health.
本研究探讨了伊朗西北部乌尔米耶湖对乌尔米耶湖北部地区空气和土壤中重金属（HMs）浓度的潜在影响，突出了其对环境和健康的重大影响。结果显示，乌尔米耶湖附近土壤和沉降尘埃颗粒中砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）和铅（Pb）的浓度水平各异，且部分地区的铬和铅浓度超过了推荐阈值。空间分布分析表明，局部因素对污染模式有显著影响，强调了针对性干预的必要性。该研究采用富集因子（EF）评估和潜在生态风险（PER）指数来识别污染源并评估相关生态风险。结果表明，特定区域存在中度至重度污染水平，尤其是铅和镉。健康风险评估表明，非致癌风险一般低于危险水平；然而，铬和砷的暴露仍令人担忧。未来的研究应关注长期趋势、源解析方法以及重金属暴露的健康影响，以制定有效的污染管理策略。跨学科的合作方法对于减轻重金属污染和保护人类与环境健康至关重要。
