National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt.
Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024 Sep;214:108968. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108968. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal known for its detrimental effects on plants, human health, and the environment. This review article delves into the dynamics of Cd uptake, long-distance transport, and its impact on plant performance, with a specific focus on tomato plants. The process of Cd uptake by roots and its subsequent long-distance transport in the xylem and phloem are explored to understand how Cd influences plants operation. The toxic effects of Cd on tomato plants are discussed, highlighting on the challenges it poses to plant growth and development. Furthermore, the review investigates various Cd tolerance mechanisms in plants, including avoidance or exclusion by the root cell wall, root-to-shoot translocation, detoxification pathways, and antioxidative defence systems against Cd-induced stress. In addition, the transcriptomic analyses of tomato plants under Cd stress provide insights into the molecular responses and adaptations of plants to Cd toxicity. Overall, this comprehensive review enhances our understanding of Cd-plant interactions and reveal promising genes for tomato genetic improvement to increase its tolerance to cadmium.
镉（Cd）是一种有害的重金属，已知对植物、人类健康和环境有不利影响。本文综述了镉的吸收、远距离运输及其对植物性能的影响，特别关注番茄植物。探讨了根部对镉的吸收过程及其在木质部和韧皮部中的后续远距离运输，以了解镉如何影响植物的运转。讨论了镉对番茄植物的毒性影响，重点介绍了它对植物生长和发育带来的挑战。此外，本综述还研究了植物中各种镉耐受机制，包括通过细胞壁的避免或排斥、根到梢的转运、解毒途径以及对镉诱导应激的抗氧化防御系统。此外，番茄植物在镉胁迫下的转录组分析提供了对植物对镉毒性的分子反应和适应的深入了解。总的来说，本综述增强了我们对镉-植物相互作用的理解，并揭示了番茄遗传改良中提高其对镉耐受性的有前途的基因。
