Impact of Postarrest Vasoactive-Inotropic Score on Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Arrest Survivors: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND

Postarrest acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major health burden because it is associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased dialysis requirement, high mortality, and unfavorable neurological outcomes. Managing hemodynamic instability during the early postarrest period is critical; however, the role of quantified vasopressor dependence in AKI development in relation to illness severity remains unclear.

METHODS

A retrospective, observational cohort study that enrolled 411 non-traumatic adult cardiac arrest survivors without pre-arrest end-stage kidney disease between January 2017 and December 2019, grouped according to their baseline kidney function. The criteria for kidney injury were based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition and AKI staging system. The degree of vasopressor dependence within the first 24 h following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was presented using the maximum vasoactive-inotropic score ( ).

RESULTS

Of the 411 patients, 181 (44%) had early AKI after ROSC. Patients with AKI showed an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR [aOR] 5.40, 95% CI 3.36-8.69, 0.001) and unfavorable neurological outcome (aOR 5.70, 95% CI 3.45-9.43, 0.001) compared to patients without AKI. The risk of adverse outcomes increased with illness severity. Patients with vasopressor support had an increased risk of early AKI. A low was associated with AKI stage 1-2 (aOR 2.51, 95% CI 1.20-5.24), whereas a high was associated with an increased risk for AKI stage 3 (aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.28-4.75).

CONCLUSIONS

Early AKI is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and unfavorable neurologic recovery in cardiac arrest survivors. Postarrest is an independent predictor of the development and severity of AKI following ROSC, regardless of baseline kidney function.