Tagger-Green Nirit, Refael Asaf, Szmukler-Moncler Serge, Nemcovsky Carlos, Chaushu Liat, Kolerman Roni
Quintessence Int. 2024 Sep 27;55(8):616-628. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b5640181.
Periodontal disease is caused by subgingival bacteria that adversely affect the host immune system and create and maintain unmitigated inflammation in gingival and periodontal tissues. The condition is also linked to systemic conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and arthritis. Periodontitis elevates the bacterial load and spreads systemic inflammation through infection and inflammation. The main radiographic sign of periodontitis is marginal bone loss. Risk factors, including medications, smoking, age, and sex, are known to influence periodontal health. However, there is little information about the impact of systemic conditions and medications on tooth wear. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between systemic conditions and medications and radiographic signs of tooth wear and marginal bone loss.
This retrospective analysis was conducted on a group of 2,223 consecutive patients who came for dental treatment in the clinics of a large Health Maintenance Organization in Israel. Data available for the study included details of concomitant systemic diseases and medication and full-mouth radiographic surveys. Odds ratio and logistic regression analysis were used to detect associations between systemic conditions and medication, and marginal bone loss and tooth wear.
The results indicated an elevated odds ratio for tooth wear associated with age, sex, and smoking across all age groups. Among young patients, those using proton pump inhibitors and psychiatric medications had an elevated risk of tooth wear. Age, smoking, and diabetes conditions were associated with an increased odds ratio for marginal bone loss in all age groups. Psychiatric medications and sex elevated the odds ratio for marginal bone loss only among older patients.
The results highlight the significant impact of age, sex, and smoking on tooth wear, and extend these risks to alveolar bone loss when combined with diabetes and psychiatric conditions.
牙周病由龈下细菌引起，这些细菌会对宿主免疫系统产生不利影响，并在牙龈和牙周组织中引发并维持未减轻的炎症。该病症还与包括心血管疾病、糖尿病和关节炎在内的全身性疾病有关。牙周炎会增加细菌负荷，并通过感染和炎症传播全身性炎症。牙周炎的主要影像学特征是边缘骨丧失。已知包括药物、吸烟、年龄和性别在内的风险因素会影响牙周健康。然而，关于全身性疾病和药物对牙齿磨损的影响的信息却很少。本研究的目的是评估全身性疾病和药物与牙齿磨损及边缘骨丧失的影像学特征之间的关联。
对在以色列一家大型健康维护组织的诊所接受牙科治疗的连续2223名患者进行了这项回顾性分析。该研究可用的数据包括伴随的全身性疾病和药物的详细信息以及全口影像学检查。使用比值比和逻辑回归分析来检测全身性疾病和药物、边缘骨丧失和牙齿磨损之间的关联。
结果表明，在所有年龄组中，牙齿磨损与年龄、性别和吸烟相关的比值比升高。在年轻患者中，使用质子泵抑制剂和精神科药物的患者牙齿磨损风险升高。在所有年龄组中，年龄、吸烟和糖尿病状况与边缘骨丧失的比值比增加相关。精神科药物和性别仅在老年患者中使边缘骨丧失的比值比升高。
结果突出了年龄、性别和吸烟对牙齿磨损的重大影响，并表明当与糖尿病和精神疾病相结合时，这些风险会扩展至牙槽骨丧失。
