Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Chihuahua, México.
Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, 4147654919, Iran.
Poult Sci. 2024 Oct;103(10):104036. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104036. Epub 2024 Jun 29.
The study aimed to assess the effects of different dietary Silybum marianum (SM, milk thistle) powder levels on growth performance, productivity, immunity, small intestine, haemato-biochemical parameters, meat quality, and egg and carcass characteristics of laying quails. The experimental subjects consisted of one hundred and eight 43-day-old quails divided into 3 treatments (0, 0.75, and 1.50% SM) with 4 replicates each. The egg characteristics and growth performance of the quails were evaluated. Quails were euthanized for evaluation of carcasses, microbiota, and sensory characteristics of meat. Blood samples were analyzed for haematology and biochemical profile. SM at 0.75% and 1.50% significantly (P < 0.05) increased feed intake, enhanced egg characteristics (number, weight, width, length, volume, weight of egg yolk, and eggshell thickness), jejunum and ileum length, spleen weight, lactobacillus population, sensory characteristics of meat, red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, erythrocytic indices, concentration of albumin, globulin and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). SM at 0.75% and 1.50% decreased (P < 0.05) carcass weight (abdominal fat, heart, neck, and pancreas), feed conversion ratio (FCR) based on eggs produced, percentages of heterophils and lymphocytes, concentration of lactate dehydrogenase, population of coliforms clostridia, and Escherichia coli. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and creatine kinase were not significantly (P > 0.05) altered by 0.75% and 1.50% SM. SM at both levels (0.75% and 1.50%) may improve growth, egg characteristics, immune response, intestinal morphology and microbiota, meat quality and erythropoiesis, and also lead to decreased cholesterol in laying quails. Economics can be improved, too. The authors recommend adding 1.0% of SM to quail diet.
本研究旨在评估不同剂量水飞蓟（SM，奶蓟草）粉对产蛋鹌鹑生长性能、生产性能、免疫力、小肠、血液生化参数、肉质、蛋和胴体特性的影响。实验对象为 108 只 43 日龄鹌鹑，分为 3 个处理组（0、0.75 和 1.50%SM），每组 4 个重复。评估了鹌鹑的蛋特性和生长性能。处死鹌鹑评估胴体、微生物群和肉的感官特性。分析血液样本以进行血液学和生化分析。0.75%和 1.50%SM 显著（P<0.05）提高了采食量，增强了蛋的特性（数量、重量、宽度、长度、体积、蛋黄重量和蛋壳厚度）、空肠和回肠长度、脾脏重量、乳杆菌数量、肉的感官特性、红细胞（RBC）、血红蛋白、红细胞指数、白蛋白、球蛋白和促甲状腺激素（TSH）浓度。0.75%和 1.50%SM 降低了（P<0.05）鹌鹑的胴体重（腹脂、心脏、颈部和胰腺）、基于产蛋的饲料转化率（FCR）、异嗜细胞和淋巴细胞的百分比、乳酸脱氢酶浓度、大肠菌群和大肠杆菌的数量。天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶和肌酸激酶的浓度未因 0.75%和 1.50%SM 而显著（P>0.05）改变。0.75%和 1.50%SM 均可能改善生长性能、蛋特性、免疫反应、肠道形态和微生物群、肉质和红细胞生成，同时降低产蛋鹌鹑的胆固醇。经济效益也会得到提高。作者建议在鹌鹑日粮中添加 1.0%的 SM。
