Middlesex Business School, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT, United Kingdom.
Strategy and Entrepreneurship, Royal Holloway, University of London, United Kingdom.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Sep;367:122008. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122008. Epub 2024 Jul 29.
Natural resources have a significant impact on economic and political landscapes of developing countries which determines environmental sustainability. This study explores the convoluted connection between governance and natural resources, examining how resource abundance might influence governance quality. The main components of this dynamic that the theoretical framework considers are the Rentier effects, the repression effects, and the obstruction of modernization. This study creates a governance index applying principal component analysis (PCA) on several governance characteristics, such as political stability, rule of law, government efficacy, regulation and control of corruption, to measure governance comprehensively. Natural resource exports, rents, and the differentiation between renewable and non-renewable natural resources are the three proxies used to quantify natural resources, providing a more nuanced view. To calculate the effect of renewable and non-renewable natural resources on governance in developing nations, the econometric methodology uses a dynamic panel model and system GMM. This analysis reveals that the ability of renewable resources to promote inclusive development has a favourable impact on governance. On the other hand, non-renewable resources show a negative correlation, mainly because of their vulnerability to swings in the world price and their propensity to consolidate power and promote corruption. The significance of differentiating between natural resource types is highlighted in this study, along with the possible advantages of renewable resources for governance and the disadvantages of an over-reliance on non-renewable resources. Policymakers, researchers, and practitioners interested in the development and governance difficulties encountered by resource-rich developing nations can benefit greatly from this research's larger and more complex understanding of the link between natural resources and governance.
自然资源对发展中国家的经济和政治格局有着重大影响，决定着环境的可持续性。本研究探讨了治理与自然资源之间复杂的关系，考察了资源丰裕度如何影响治理质量。该理论框架考虑的这一动态的主要组成部分包括：寻租效应、抑制效应和现代化障碍。本研究通过主成分分析（PCA）应用于几个治理特征，如政治稳定、法治、政府效能、腐败管制和控制，创建了一个治理指数，以全面衡量治理。自然资源出口、租金以及可再生和不可再生自然资源的区别是量化自然资源的三个代理变量，提供了更细致的视角。为了计算可再生和不可再生自然资源对发展中国家治理的影响，计量经济学方法使用动态面板模型和系统 GMM。该分析表明，可再生资源促进包容性发展的能力对治理有积极影响。另一方面，不可再生资源显示出负相关，主要是因为它们容易受到世界价格波动的影响，而且有权力集中和促进腐败的倾向。本研究强调了区分自然资源类型的重要性，以及可再生资源对治理可能带来的优势，以及过度依赖不可再生资源的劣势。对资源丰富的发展中国家的发展和治理困难感兴趣的政策制定者、研究人员和从业者可以从本研究对自然资源与治理之间关系的更广泛和更复杂的理解中受益匪浅。
