Servicio de Nefrología, Parc de Salut Mar, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; ESIMar (Escuela Superior de Enfermería del Mar), Parc de Salut Mar, Centro adscrito a la Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; SDHEd (Grupo de Investigación en Determinantes Sociales y Educación en Salud), IMIM (Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas), Barcelona, Spain.
Servicio de Nefrología, Parc de Salut Mar, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed). 2024 Jul-Aug;44(4):549-559. doi: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2024.07.006. Epub 2024 Jul 29.
Kidney transplantation (KT) should be postponed in those people with active bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic processes, since these must be treated and resolved previously. The objective of this study is to present the screening circuit implemented by the Nephrology clinic and describe the prevalence of tropical and imported infections in KT candidates born or coming from endemic areas.
Descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out in 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, serological data of general infections and specific tests of tropical infectious diseases were collected. A descriptive analysis of the data was carried out.
67 TR candidates from Latin America (32.8%), North Africa (22.4%), Sub-Saharan Africa (14.9%) and Asia (29.9%) were included. 68.7% were men and the mean age was 48.9 ± 13.5 years. After the general and specific studies, 42 (62.7%) patients were referred to the Infectious Diseases Service to complete this study or indicate treatment. 35.8% of the patients had eosinophilia, and in one case parasites were detected in feces at the time of the study. Serology for strongyloidiasis was positive in 18 (26.9%) cases, while positive serology for other tropical infections was hardly detected. 34.3% of patients had latent tuberculosis infection.
The prevalence of tropical and imported infections in migrant candidates for RT was low, except for strongyloidiasis and latent tuberculosis infection. Its detection and treatment are essential to avoid serious complications in post-TR. To this end, the implementation of an interdisciplinary screening program from the KT access consultation is feasible, necessary and useful.
对于有活动性细菌、真菌、病毒和寄生虫过程的患者，应推迟肾移植（KT），因为这些过程必须先得到治疗和解决。本研究的目的是介绍肾病科实施的筛查方案，并描述在出生或来自流行地区的 KT 候选者中热带和输入性感染的流行情况。
这是一项 2021 年进行的描述性横断面研究。收集了社会人口统计学和临床变量、一般感染的血清学数据以及热带传染病的特定检测结果。对数据进行了描述性分析。
共纳入来自拉丁美洲（32.8%）、北非（22.4%）、撒哈拉以南非洲（14.9%）和亚洲（29.9%）的 67 名 TR 候选者。68.7%为男性，平均年龄为 48.9±13.5 岁。在进行一般和特定检查后，有 42 名（62.7%）患者被转介到传染病科完成此项研究或指示治疗。35.8%的患者存在嗜酸性粒细胞增多症，在研究期间有 1 例患者粪便中检测到寄生虫。18 例（26.9%）患者的 Strongyloides 血清学检查呈阳性，而其他热带感染的阳性血清学检测结果则很少见。34.3%的患者存在潜伏性结核感染。
除了 Strongyloides 和潜伏性结核感染外，移民 RT 候选者中的热带和输入性感染的流行率较低。其检测和治疗对于避免 KT 后出现严重并发症至关重要。为此，从 KT 准入咨询开始实施跨学科筛查方案是可行、必要且有用的。
