Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-620, Brazil.
Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-620, Brazil.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2024 Aug;87(2):175-186. doi: 10.1007/s00244-024-01080-y. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
In this work, the concentrations of hazardous elements (As, Cd and Pb) in the edible portion of the Perna perna mussel from Southeast Brazil were analyzed to understand the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the coastal environment and to evaluate the quality of this fishery resource. Decreases in anthropogenic chemical outputs to the environment were expected to occur during the COVID-19 pandemic, with decreases in element concentrations in mussels. The ranges of median concentrations (µg g dw) in the pre- and pandemic periods were 5.4-16.1 and 2.2-10.6 for As; 0.2-0.6 and 0.1-0.5 for Cd; and 1.2-3.2 and 0.7-1.8 for Pb, respectively. Temporal variations (prepandemic x pandemic) were more significant than spatial variations (five sampling sites). The relationships between the concentrations of hazardous elements and isotopic ratios (δN and δC) suggested that food sources were more diverse across the sampling sites during the pandemic period, when individuals exhibited less efficient trophic transfer. The concentrations of Cd and Pb were below the tolerable maximum limit, whereas for As, they were above the limit; however, these concentrations are not a risk to human health, as most As was present in the least toxic organic form. The intake estimates were below the tolerable intake limits, and only Pb concentrations are at risk of causing concern if the intake of mussels increases. This is the first study in Brazil that presents a spatial-temporal comparison of hazardous elements in marine fauna considering COVID-19 as a temporal landmark. The results are of interest for both public health and environmental health management in a post-COVID-19 scenario.
在这项工作中，分析了来自巴西南部的贻贝可食用部分中有害元素（砷、镉和铅）的浓度，以了解新冠疫情对沿海环境的影响，并评估这种渔业资源的质量。预计新冠疫情期间，向环境排放的人为化学物质会减少，贻贝中的元素浓度也会降低。在新冠疫情前后两个时期，贻贝中砷的浓度中位数范围分别为 5.4-16.1 和 2.2-10.6μg/gdw；镉的浓度中位数范围分别为 0.2-0.6 和 0.1-0.5μg/gdw；铅的浓度中位数范围分别为 1.2-3.2 和 0.7-1.8μg/gdw。时间变化（疫情前与疫情期间）比空间变化（五个采样点）更为显著。有害元素浓度与同位素比值（δN 和 δC）之间的关系表明，在疫情期间，由于个体的营养传递效率较低，食物来源在各个采样点更为多样化。Cd 和 Pb 的浓度低于可耐受最大限量，而 As 的浓度则高于该限量；然而，这些浓度对人类健康没有风险，因为大部分 As 以毒性最小的有机形式存在。摄入估计值低于可耐受摄入量，只有 Pb 的浓度如果贻贝摄入量增加，才有可能引起关注。这是巴西首例在考虑新冠疫情作为时间标志的情况下，对海洋动物群中有害元素进行时空比较的研究。这些结果对于后新冠疫情时期的公共卫生和环境健康管理都具有重要意义。
