Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, P.O. Box 13518, Benha, Egypt.
Petroleum Application Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727, Cairo, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Aug;31(37):49626-49645. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34347-x. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Different dyes are discharged into water streams, causing significant pollution to the entire ecosystem. The present work deals with the removal of acid red 2 dye (methyl red-as an anionic dye) by green sorbents based on chitosan derivatization. In this regard, two classes of chitosan derivatives-a total of six-were prepared by gamma irradiation at 30 kGy. The first group (group A) constitutes a crosslinked chitosan/polyacrylamide/aluminum oxide with different feed ratios, while the second group, identified as group B, is composed of crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan/polyacrylamide/aluminum oxide with different ratios. Glycerol was added to soften the resultant hydrogels. The products were characterized by different tools, including FTIR for confirming the chemical modification, TGA for investigating their thermal properties, and XRD for verifying their crystalline structure. The morphology of the prepared derivatives was studied through SEM, while their topography before and after dye adsorption was monitored via the AFM. The removal efficiencies of the prepared sorbents were verified at different operation conditions, such as pH, temperature, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of dye solutions, and contact time. The data revealed that the optimum conditions for maximum dye uptake were as follows: pH 4, contact time 120 min, 0.1-g sorbent dose, and 50-ppm dye concentration. Additionally, the prepared sorbents demonstrated potent adsorption capacity and removal efficiency. It was found that the elements of the second group displayed higher performance than their counterparts. The data showed also that the adsorption process best fits with the Freundlich model and obeyed pseudo-first-order kinetic isotherm. In addition, the synthesized composites showed observable antibacterial potency toward E. coli as a Gram-negative bacterium and S. aureus as a Gram-positive bacterium.
不同的染料被排放到水流中，对整个生态系统造成了重大污染。本工作涉及基于壳聚糖衍生化的绿色吸附剂去除酸性红 2 染料（作为阴离子染料的甲酚红）。在这方面，通过 30kGy 的伽马辐照制备了两类壳聚糖衍生物-共六种。第一组（A 组）由不同进料比的交联壳聚糖/聚丙烯酰胺/氧化铝组成，而第二组，即 B 组，由不同比例的交联羧甲基壳聚糖/聚丙烯酰胺/氧化铝组成。甘油的加入软化了所得水凝胶。通过不同的工具对产物进行了表征，包括 FTIR 用于确认化学修饰，TGA 用于研究其热性能，以及 XRD 用于验证其晶体结构。通过 SEM 研究了制备的衍生物的形态，通过 AFM 监测了吸附染料前后的形貌。在不同的操作条件下，如 pH 值、温度、吸附剂剂量、染料溶液的初始浓度和接触时间，验证了制备的吸附剂的去除效率。数据表明，最大染料吸附的最佳条件如下：pH 值 4、接触时间 120 分钟、0.1g 吸附剂剂量和 50ppm 染料浓度。此外，所制备的吸附剂表现出强大的吸附能力和去除效率。发现第二组的元素表现出比其对应物更高的性能。数据还表明，吸附过程最符合 Freundlich 模型并遵循拟一级动力学等温线。此外，合成的复合材料对革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌表现出可观察到的抗菌效力。
