Hachtel Henning, Deuring Gunnar, Graf Marc, Vogel Tobias
Forensic Department, University Psychiatric Clinic Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Jul 16;15:1358291. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1358291. eCollection 2024.
Psychotic disorders have been associated with dysregulated stress reactions and adaptation. Little is known about the neuroendocrine responses to psychosocial stress in justice-involved individuals with schizophrenia.
Using an experimental research design, the present study aims to examine differences in the subjective and neuroendocrine responses to psychosocial stress and its impact on facial emotion recognition (FER) and performance on an arithmetic task in chronically ill justice-involved individuals with schizophrenia (PAT) and a healthy control group. PAT undergoing treatment in forensic psychiatric inpatient wards (n = 17) and a healthy control group (n = 17) were assessed regarding sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Additionally, salivary cortisol levels, measured before and after performing a psychosocial stress task [Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST)], and performance on an arithmetic problem-solving task and two FER tasks were recorded. Two participants dropped out, one from each group. Therefore, the final sample consisted of 32 individuals.
Significant group differences in FER were recorded. There was a significant rise in subjective perception of momentary strain relating to the induction of psychosocial stress in both groups. Notably, the pre-stress level of subjective strain was higher in the PAT group than controls. Acute psychosocial stress induced an increase in FER performance in a sub-task related to naming emotions in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
The results underline the importance of psychosocial and therapeutic interventions aimed at strengthening stress resilience in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
精神障碍与应激反应失调及适应不良有关。对于患有精神分裂症且涉及司法问题的个体，其对心理社会应激的神经内分泌反应知之甚少。
本研究采用实验性研究设计，旨在检验患有精神分裂症且涉及司法问题的慢性病患者（PAT）和健康对照组在对心理社会应激的主观和神经内分泌反应上的差异，以及这种应激对面部情绪识别（FER）和算术任务表现的影响。对在法医精神病住院病房接受治疗的PAT患者（n = 17）和健康对照组（n = 17）进行社会人口统计学和临床特征评估。此外，记录在执行心理社会应激任务[蒙特利尔成像应激任务（MIST）]前后测量的唾液皮质醇水平，以及在算术问题解决任务和两项FER任务上的表现。两名参与者退出，每组各一名。因此，最终样本由32名个体组成。
记录到FER存在显著的组间差异。两组中与心理社会应激诱导相关的瞬间压力主观感知均显著上升。值得注意的是，PAT组的应激前主观压力水平高于对照组。急性心理社会应激在与精神分裂症谱系障碍个体情绪命名相关的子任务中诱导FER表现增加。
结果强调了旨在增强精神分裂症谱系障碍个体应激恢复力的心理社会和治疗干预措施的重要性。
