School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2024 Aug 21;90(8):e0074924. doi: 10.1128/aem.00749-24. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) are significant pathogen in both cattle and pigs, causing diarrhea in these animals and leading to economic losses in the livestock industry. Understanding the dissimilarity in genotype, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and virulence between bovine and swine ETEC is crucial for development of targeted preventive and therapeutic approaches for livestock. However, a comprehensive study on this area remains lacking. Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing-based analyses of bovine ( = 554) and swine ( = 623) ETEC collected in the United States over a 53-year period. We identified distinct ETEC genotypes ( type, O antigen, H antigen, sequence type) in cattle and pigs. Furthermore, specific AMR and virulence profiles were associated with bovine and swine ETEC. Compared to swine ETEC, bovine ETEC were less diverse in genotypes and had a significantly ( < 0.001) lower number of AMR genes per isolate but higher co-occurrence of Shiga toxin and enterotoxin genes. Our results provide an overview of the key genomic differences between bovine and swine ETEC in the United States, which might be attributed to host adaptation and antibiotic usage practice. Ongoing surveillance and research are essential to monitor the genetic diversity and AMR patterns of ETEC in different host species.
Enterotoxigenic (ETEC)-associated diarrhea represent one of the most economically important diseases in the livestock industry. By analyzing over a thousand livestock-derived ETEC samples in the United States, our study unveiled a clear distinction in ETEC's genetic traits (i.e., genotypes, antimicrobial resistance [AMR], and virulence profiles) that might be tied to the different use of antibiotics in cattle and pigs, and the bacteria's adaptation to their specific animal hosts. This understanding is crucial for tailoring preventive and therapeutic strategies. It also highlights the significance of ongoing surveillance and research into the evolution of bacterial pathogens like ETEC in livestock by using advanced techniques such as whole-genome sequencing.
产肠毒素性（ETEC）在牛和猪中都是重要的病原体，可引起这些动物腹泻，并导致畜牧业的经济损失。了解牛和猪产肠毒素性大肠杆菌在基因型、抗生素耐药性（AMR）和毒力方面的差异，对于开发针对家畜的有针对性的预防和治疗方法至关重要。然而，这方面的综合研究仍然缺乏。在这里，我们对美国在 53 年期间收集的牛（=554）和猪（=623）产肠毒素性大肠杆菌进行了基于全基因组测序的分析。我们在牛和猪中鉴定了不同的产肠毒素性大肠杆菌基因型（血清型、O 抗原、H 抗原、序列型）。此外，特定的 AMR 和毒力特征与牛和猪产肠毒素性大肠杆菌相关。与猪产肠毒素性大肠杆菌相比，牛产肠毒素性大肠杆菌在基因型方面的多样性较低，每个分离株的 AMR 基因数量明显（<0.001）较少，但志贺毒素和肠毒素基因的共存频率较高。我们的研究结果提供了美国牛和猪产肠毒素性大肠杆菌之间关键基因组差异的概述，这可能归因于宿主适应性和抗生素使用实践。持续的监测和研究对于监测不同宿主物种中产肠毒素性大肠杆菌的遗传多样性和 AMR 模式至关重要。
产肠毒素性（ETEC）相关腹泻是畜牧业中最重要的经济疾病之一。通过分析美国一千多个家畜源性 ETEC 样本，我们的研究揭示了 ETEC 的遗传特征（即基因型、抗生素耐药性[AMR]和毒力谱）之间的明显区别，这可能与牛和猪中抗生素的不同使用以及细菌对其特定动物宿主的适应性有关。这种理解对于制定预防和治疗策略至关重要。它还强调了通过使用全基因组测序等先进技术，对家畜中像 ETEC 这样的细菌病原体的进化进行持续监测和研究的重要性。
