From the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2024 Sep 15;32(18):e909-e918. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-24-00311. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Osteoporosis is a global health problem affecting over 200 million people worldwide and 54 million adults in the United States. Approximately half of all postmenopausal women will have an osteoporosis-related fracture during their lifetime. In the United States, the direct medical cost related to osteoporosis is expected to exceed $25 billion by 2025. Management of osteoporosis in vertebral fractures and elective spine surgery is of the utmost concern, given the high prevalence of osteoporosis in the general population and the increased risk of complication in this population. New pharmacologic treatment options such as anabolic medications and diagnostic tools including Hounsfield unit measurements on routine computed tomography scans are available to orthopaedic and spinal surgeons to help best manage this condition. This review serves as an update to diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients with osteoporosis undergoing spinal surgery.
骨质疏松症是一个全球性的健康问题，影响着全世界超过 2 亿人，以及美国的 5400 万成年人。大约一半的绝经后妇女在其一生中会发生一次与骨质疏松症相关的骨折。在美国，到 2025 年，与骨质疏松症相关的直接医疗费用预计将超过 250 亿美元。鉴于骨质疏松症在普通人群中的高发病率以及该人群并发症风险增加，对椎体骨折和择期脊柱手术中骨质疏松症的管理应给予高度关注。新的药物治疗选择，如合成代谢药物和包括常规计算机断层扫描上的亨氏单位测量在内的诊断工具，为骨科和脊柱外科医生提供了帮助，以更好地管理这种情况。本文回顾了接受脊柱手术的骨质疏松症患者的诊断、管理和治疗的最新进展。
