Nuclear Chemistry & Separation and Purification Technology Laboratory, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China.
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Waste Manag. 2024 Nov 15;188:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.018. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Effective recovery of Li, Co, Ni and Mn from cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become a global concern. In this study, electrolysis of copper sulfate to produce sulfuric acid and electrons were utilized to recover Li, Co, Ni and Mn from spent LIBs. The obtained results showed that 93 % of Ni, 91 % of Co, 89 % of Mn and 94 % of Li were leached and 99 % of Cu was deposited during leaching process by adopting the 0.225 mol/L of copper sulfate with a solid/liquid ratio of 15 g/L at a current density of 50 mA/m and 80 °C for 4.5 h. Then, a current efficiency of 72 % for the cathode and 30 % for the anode was achieved at a current density of 40 mA/m, 70 °C and pH 2.5 during electrodeposition process. The Ni-Co deposition followed the principle of anomalous codeposition and the complete deposition time of Co, Ni and Mn were 3 h, 9 h and 10 h, respectively. Eventually, the Ni, Co, Mn, Li and Cu can be recovered as Ni-Co alloy, MnO and LiCO and Cu metals with the corresponding recovery rates of 99.40 %, 91.00 %, 90.68 %, 85.59 % and 89.55 %, respectively. This study proposes a promising strategy for recycling cathode materials from spent LIBs without addition of chemical reductants and acids.
从废旧锂离子电池 (LIB) 的正极材料中有效回收 Li、Co、Ni 和 Mn 已成为全球关注的焦点。在这项研究中，利用硫酸铜电解产生硫酸和电子，从废旧 LIB 中回收 Li、Co、Ni 和 Mn。研究结果表明，在浸出过程中，采用 0.225mol/L 的硫酸铜、固液比为 15g/L、电流密度为 50mA/m、温度为 80°C，浸出 4.5 小时后，93%的 Ni、91%的 Co、89%的 Mn 和 94%的 Li 被浸出，99%的 Cu 被沉积。然后，在电流密度为 40mA/m、温度为 70°C、pH 值为 2.5 的条件下进行电沉积，阴极电流效率为 72%，阳极电流效率为 30%。在电沉积过程中，Ni-Co 的沉积遵循反常共沉积原理，Co、Ni 和 Mn 的完全沉积时间分别为 3h、9h 和 10h。最终，Ni、Co、Mn、Li 和 Cu 可以作为 Ni-Co 合金、MnO 和 LiCO 以及 Cu 金属回收，相应的回收率分别为 99.40%、91.00%、90.68%、85.59%和 89.55%。这项研究提出了一种无需添加化学还原剂和酸的从废旧 LIB 中回收正极材料的有前景的策略。
