Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Mycology and Pathology Branch, Forest Biodiversity Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2024 Aug;203:105982. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105982. Epub 2024 Jun 10.
The tropical climate in Malaysia provides an ideal environment for the rapid proliferation of Aedes mosquitoes, notably Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, prominent vectors of dengue fever. Alarmingly, these species are increasingly developing resistance to conventional pesticides. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae isolate HSAH5 spores, specifically on conidia (CO) and blastospores (BL), against Ae. albopictus larvae. The study centered on evaluating their pathogenic effects and the resultant changes in protein expression. Spore suspensions with varying concentrations were prepared for larvicidal bioassays, and protein expressions were analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Subsequently, protein annotation and network analysis were conducted to elucidate infection mechanisms and the proteomic response. Based on the lethal concentrations and time frames, CO exhibited faster larval mortality than BL at lower concentrations. Despite this, both spore types demonstrated comparable overall pathogenic effects. Results from the proteomic profiling revealed 150 proteins with varied expressions following exposure to Ae. albopictus extract, shedding light on distinct infection strategies between the spores. Gene Ontology enrichment and network analysis illustrated the diverse metabolic adaptations of M. anisopliae and interactions with mosquito larvae. This highlighted the complexity of host-pathogen dynamics and the significance of biosynthetic processes, energy storage, and cellular interaction pathways in disease progression. The BL network, consisting 80 proteins and 74 connections, demonstrates the intricate fungal mechanisms triggered by host stimuli. Conversely, the CO network, though smaller, displayed notable interconnectivity and concentrated involvement at the cell periphery, suggesting a deliberate strategy for initial host contact. This study offers valuable insights into proteome dynamics of M. anisopliae's BL and CO for managing mosquito populations and combating disease transmission, thereby significantly advancing public health and environmental conservation efforts.
马来西亚的热带气候为伊蚊的快速繁殖提供了理想的环境，特别是埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊，它们是登革热的主要传播媒介。令人担忧的是，这些物种对传统杀虫剂的抗药性日益增强。本研究旨在评估绿僵菌分离株 HSAH5 孢子，特别是分生孢子（CO）和芽生孢子（BL）对白纹伊蚊幼虫的功效。研究集中于评估它们的致病效果以及由此产生的蛋白质表达变化。制备了不同浓度的孢子悬浮液进行幼虫生物测定，并使用液相色谱-质谱法分析蛋白质表达。随后，进行蛋白质注释和网络分析，以阐明感染机制和蛋白质组反应。根据致死浓度和时间框架，CO 在较低浓度下比 BL 更快地导致幼虫死亡。尽管如此，两种孢子类型都表现出相当的整体致病效果。蛋白质组学分析结果显示，暴露于白纹伊蚊提取物后，有 150 种蛋白质的表达发生了变化，这揭示了孢子之间不同的感染策略。GO 富集和网络分析说明了绿僵菌的多样化代谢适应和与蚊子幼虫的相互作用。这突出了宿主-病原体动态的复杂性以及生物合成过程、能量储存和细胞相互作用途径在疾病进展中的重要性。包含 80 种蛋白质和 74 个连接的 BL 网络展示了宿主刺激引发的复杂真菌机制。相比之下，虽然较小，但 CO 网络显示出显著的连通性和集中在细胞外围的参与，表明这是一种针对初始宿主接触的精心策略。本研究为绿僵菌 BL 和 CO 的蛋白质组动态提供了有价值的见解，有助于管理蚊子种群和防治疾病传播，从而极大地推进了公共卫生和环境保护工作。
