Zhu Danhua, Miller-Slough Rachel L, Garner Pamela W, Dunsmore Julie C
Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
J Genet Psychol. 2025 Jan-Feb;186(1):39-55. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2024.2386012. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
The present study examined longitudinal, transactional associations between youth social adjustment (prosociality, peer relationship difficulties) and parental emotion socialization in early adolescence. Adolescent gender was considered as a potential moderator. Eighty-seven adolescent-parent dyads (50 girls, 37 boys) participated in 8 grade, with follow-up waves in 9 and 10 grade. Adolescents reported their experiences of peer victimization and their parents' emotion socialization responses, and parents reported youth prosocial behavior and peer relation problems. Hierarchical linear modeling results indicated transactional associations between parent supportive/unsupportive responses and adolescent peer relations and prosociality over time, some of which were moderated by adolescent gender. Increases in parental supportive emotion socialization corresponded to decreased experiences of peer victimization over time for girls, but not boys. When peer victimization increased over time, girls reported less parental supportive responses and all adolescents reported receiving more unsupportive responses from parents. For all adolescents, parents' increased supportive responses also corresponded to decreased peer problems and increased prosocial behavior. As prosocial behavior increased, so did parental supportive responses. Increases in parents' unsupportive responses related to decreased prosocial behavior, and increases in adolescent prosocial behavior related to decreases in parents' unsupportive responses. Results suggest that there is mutual influence between parent emotion socialization and adolescent social adjustment. Adolescent girls appear to uniquely benefit from parents' supportive emotional socialization in relation to their experiences of peer victimization. Potential mechanisms and implications are discussed.
本研究考察了青少年社会适应（亲社会行为、同伴关系困难）与青春期早期父母情感社会化之间的纵向、交互关系。青少年性别被视为一个潜在的调节变量。87对青少年-父母二元组（50名女孩，37名男孩）在八年级参与研究，并在九年级和十年级进行随访。青少年报告了他们遭受同伴欺凌的经历以及父母的情感社会化反应，父母报告了青少年的亲社会行为和同伴关系问题。分层线性模型结果表明，随着时间的推移，父母支持性/非支持性反应与青少年同伴关系和亲社会行为之间存在交互关系，其中一些受到青少年性别的调节。随着时间的推移，父母支持性情感社会化的增加与女孩遭受同伴欺凌经历的减少相对应，但男孩并非如此。当同伴欺凌随着时间的推移增加时，女孩报告父母的支持性反应较少，所有青少年都报告从父母那里得到更多的非支持性反应。对于所有青少年来说，父母支持性反应的增加也与同伴问题的减少和亲社会行为的增加相对应。随着亲社会行为的增加，父母的支持性反应也增加。父母非支持性反应的增加与亲社会行为的减少有关，青少年亲社会行为的增加与父母非支持性反应的减少有关。结果表明，父母情感社会化与青少年社会适应之间存在相互影响。在遭受同伴欺凌的经历方面，青少年女孩似乎从父母支持性的情感社会化中获得了独特的益处。文中讨论了潜在的机制和意义。
