State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.
State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.
Water Res. 2024 Sep 15;262:122141. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122141. Epub 2024 Jul 24.
Balancing the water consumption of agricultural and ecological is the key point of sustainable social and economic development in an inland river basin. The growth of desert riparian forests in inland river basins mainly depends on a certain phreatic water table depth (PWTD). The main object of this study was to allocate and schedule water resources to regulate the PWTD and satisfy agricultural water demand. Therefore, a multi-objective double layer optimal allocation and scheduling framework based on the computationally efficient integrated surface water-groundwater model (ISGWM), which can simulate the surface water processes, groundwater recharge and discharge processes, and PWTD changes, was constructed and applied to the mainstream of Tarim River Basin (TRB). The top layer model of the framework is an optimal ecological water allocation model, and its optimal allocation results are used as the initial solution of the bottom layer model. The results show that under 5 different inflow frequencies, the agricultural water shortage rate is 0, 17.38 %, 17.41 %, 14.06 %, and 19.94 %, respectively. The PWTD regulation has a great performance. After the optimal scheduling, the proportions of good growth of the control area behind the gate under different inflow frequencies were 98.18 %, 98.18 %, 98.18 %, 90.91 %, and 94.55 %. Agricultural water shortage is mainly due to the non-uniformity distribution of intra-annual inflow and the lack of controlling hydraulic engineering. The regulation of PWTD can guarantee the growth of desert riparian forests on both sides of the mainstream of TRB. Besides, we explored the feasibility of exploiting groundwater to supplement agricultural water consumption. The groundwater exploitation should be controlled within the scope of not causing excessive increase of PWTD (difference between PWTD and target depth <1 m), due to the groundwater exploitation to supplement agricultural water will lead to the increase of PWTD. Overall, this framework, which regulates the PWTD with the change of ecological water supply based on the ISGWM, provides a new idea for the allocation and scheduling of agricultural and ecological water resources in arid inland river basins. It also provides a new method for the coupled cooperative operation of surface water and groundwater.
平衡农业和生态用水是内陆河流域可持续社会经济发展的关键。内陆河流域荒漠河岸林的生长主要取决于一定的地下水位埋深（PWTD）。本研究的主要目的是分配和调度水资源，以调节 PWTD 并满足农业用水需求。因此，构建并应用了一种基于高效计算的集成地表水-地下水模型（ISGWM）的多目标双层优化配置和调度框架，该模型可以模拟地表水过程、地下水补给和排泄过程以及 PWTD 变化。该框架的上层模型是一个最优生态水配置模型，其最优配置结果作为下层模型的初始解。结果表明，在 5 种不同的来流频率下，农业缺水率分别为 0、17.38%、17.41%、14.06%和 19.94%。PWTD 调节效果显著。在最优调度后，不同来流频率下闸后控制区良好生长的比例分别为 98.18%、98.18%、98.18%、90.91%和 94.55%。农业缺水主要是由于年内来流分布不均匀和缺乏控制性水工建筑物造成的。PWTD 的调节可以保证塔里木河干流两岸荒漠河岸林的生长。此外，我们还探讨了开发地下水补充农业用水量的可行性。由于地下水开采会导致 PWTD 过度增加（PWTD 与目标深度之差<1m），因此地下水开采补充农业用水应控制在不引起 PWTD 过度增加的范围内。总体而言，该框架基于 ISGWM 通过改变生态供水来调节 PWTD，为干旱内陆河流域农业和生态水资源的配置和调度提供了新思路，也为地表水和地下水的耦合协同运行提供了新方法。
