Qiu Guoqiang, Wang Jing, Liu Jingjing, Wang Xuewei
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 1;949:175105. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175105. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Ecological infrastructure (EI), providing ecosystem services across the land-sea interface, has been proposed as a key element in sustainable terrestrial-marine ecosystem coordinated governance. Terrestrial and marine ecosystems should be regarded as an integrated unit for guaranteeing coastal ecological security. However, the existing EI construction framework focused on terrestrial ecosystems, and few studies consider the composite characteristics of the terrestrial-marine ecosystem in coastal areas. In the case study of Laizhou Bay, China, this study proposes an optimization method for multiple ecological infrastructures (MEIs) across the land-sea interface. The method is oriented towards achieving trans-regional scale cohesion, enhancing terrestrial-riverine-marine linkages, providing adequate pathways for marine ecological protection, and promoting coordinated conservation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. The results showed that: (1) The new optimization framework synthetically considering the terrestrial multi-scale EI networks cohesion, hydrological corridors, and marine conservation network is available. (2) The preliminary ecological sources (PESs) are mainly distributed in the eastern mountainous areas, the estuary of the Yellow River, and six marine protected areas. The spatial imbalance of EI resulted in four marine protected areas in the southwest of the Bohai Sea insufficiently connected between sea-to-sea ecological sources. (3) The integrated MEIs includes four newly added ecological sources (two each for land and sea), eight trans-regional ecological corridors, 17 hydrological corridors, and 11 marine ecological corridors. Through optimization, the MEIs avoid fragmentation across multi-scale terrestrial regions, promote river-based connectivity between land and sea, and increase pathways for marine ecological protection, thereby ensuring effective circulation of regional ecological materials. (4) MEIs-conserved priority areas include 12.4 km ecological pinch points and 6.39 km marine biological protective points. Focusing on these conserved priority areas provides spatial references for the implementation planning of MEIs. Compared with traditional respective ecosystem networks, the MEIs across land-sea interface optimization approach is feasible for terrestrial-marine ecosystem coordinated management.
生态基础设施（EI）在陆海交界区域提供生态系统服务，已被视为可持续的陆地 - 海洋生态系统协同治理的关键要素。陆地和海洋生态系统应被视为一个整体单元，以保障沿海生态安全。然而，现有的生态基础设施建设框架侧重于陆地生态系统，很少有研究考虑沿海地区陆海生态系统的复合特征。在中国莱州湾的案例研究中，本研究提出了一种陆海交界区域多生态基础设施（MEIs）的优化方法。该方法旨在实现跨区域尺度的衔接，加强陆地 - 河流 - 海洋的联系，为海洋生态保护提供充足的通道，并促进陆地和海洋生态系统的协同保护。结果表明：（1）综合考虑陆地多尺度生态基础设施网络衔接、水文廊道和海洋保护网络的新优化框架是可行的。（2）初步生态源（PESs）主要分布在东部山区、黄河入海口和六个海洋保护区。生态基础设施的空间不平衡导致渤海西南部的四个海洋保护区在海 - 海生态源之间连接不足。（3）整合后的多生态基础设施包括四个新增加的生态源（陆地和海洋各两个）、八条跨区域生态廊道、十七条水文廊道和十一条海洋生态廊道。通过优化，多生态基础设施避免了跨多尺度陆地区域的碎片化，促进了基于河流的陆海连通性，并增加了海洋生态保护的通道，从而确保了区域生态物质的有效循环。（4）多生态基础设施保护优先区域包括12.4公里的生态瓶颈点和6.39公里的海洋生物保护点。关注这些保护优先区域为多生态基础设施的实施规划提供了空间参考。与传统的各自生态系统网络相比，陆海交界区域多生态基础设施优化方法对于陆地 - 海洋生态系统的协同管理是可行的。
