Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Persons, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Department of Speech and Language Pathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Child Care Health Dev. 2024 Sep;50(5):e13317. doi: 10.1111/cch.13317.
The LittlEARS® Early Speech Production Questionnaire (LEESPQ) was developed to provide professionals with valuable information about children's earliest language development and has been successfully validated in several languages. This study aimed to validate the Serbian version of the LEESPQ in typically developing children and compare the results with validation studies in other languages.
The English version of the LEESPQ was back-translated into Serbian. Parents completed the questionnaire in paper or electronic form either during the visit to the paediatric clinic or through personal contact. A total of 206 completed questionnaires were collected. Standardized expected values were calculated using a second-order polynomial model for children up to 18 months of age to create a norm curve for the Serbian language. The results were then used to determine confidence intervals, with the lower limit being the critical limit for typical speech-language development. Finally, the results were compared with German and Canadian English developmental norms.
The Serbian LEESPQ version showed high homogeneity (r = .622) and internal consistency (α = .882), indicating that it almost exclusively measures speech production ability. No significant difference in total score was found between male and female infants (U = 4429.500, p = .090), so it can be considered a gender-independent questionnaire. The results of the comparison between Serbian and German (U = 645.500, p = .673) and Serbian and English norm curves (U = 652.000, p = .725) show that the LEESPQ can be applied to different population groups, regardless of linguistic, cultural or sociological differences.
The LEESPQ is a valid, age-dependent and gender-independent questionnaire suitable for assessing early speech development in children aged from birth to 18 months.
LittlEARS®早期言语产生问卷（LEESPQ）旨在为专业人士提供有关儿童最早语言发展的有价值的信息，并已在多种语言中成功验证。本研究旨在验证塞尔维亚语版 LEESPQ 在正常发育儿童中的有效性，并与其他语言的验证研究进行比较。
将 LEESPQ 的英文版本回译为塞尔维亚语。家长以纸质或电子形式在儿科诊所就诊时或通过个人联系完成问卷。共收集了 206 份完整的问卷。使用二阶多项式模型为 0-18 个月大的儿童计算标准化预期值，以创建塞尔维亚语的标准曲线。然后使用这些结果确定置信区间，下限为典型言语语言发展的临界值。最后，将结果与德国和加拿大英语发育标准进行比较。
塞尔维亚语版 LEESPQ 表现出高度的同质性（r=.622）和内部一致性（α=.882），表明它几乎完全测量言语产生能力。男婴和女婴的总分无显著差异（U=4429.500，p=.090），因此可以认为该问卷是性别独立的。塞尔维亚语与德语（U=645.500，p=.673）和塞尔维亚语与英语标准曲线（U=652.000，p=.725）之间的比较结果表明，LEESPQ 可应用于不同的人群组，而不受语言、文化或社会学差异的影响。
LEESPQ 是一种有效的、年龄相关的、性别独立的问卷，适用于评估 0-18 个月儿童的早期言语发展。
