护士主导的精神关怀对伊朗心血管疾病患者医疗服务中心理健康的影响：系统评价。

The effects of nurse-led spiritual care on psychological well-being in the healthcare services of patients with cardiovascular diseases in Iran: a systematic review.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Managment, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

School of Nursing and Midwifery, In Front of Shahid Rajai Heart Hospital, The Intersection of Hashemi Rafsanjani Grand Way, Valiasr Street, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 Aug 2;24(1):403. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-04076-7.

DOI:10.1186/s12872-024-04076-7

PMID:39090532

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11295671/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly impacts patients' lives, affecting not only their physical health but also their spiritual well-being. While holistic care acknowledges the importance of addressing spiritual needs, the integration of nurse-led spiritual care within CVD management remains understudied.

OBJECTIVES

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual and psychological interventions in enhancing quality of life and reducing anxiety among CVD patients.

METHODS

Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, SID, Magiran, and Web of Science) for relevant articles published in English and Persian between 2013 and 2023. The risk of bias in included experimental and quasi-experimental studies was assessed using ROB 2 and ROBINS-I scales.

RESULTS

The initial search yielded 1416 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, along with qualitative evaluation, 15 studies with a total of 1035 participants were selected for review. These studies explored the impact of spiritual interventions (e.g., healthy heart model, emotion-oriented approach, communication with a higher power, acceptance, and relationship improvement) on anxiety, stress, life expectancy, depression, blood parameters, spiritual experiences, pain, and negative emotions in CVD patients. All reviewed studies reported positive outcomes with spiritual interventions, demonstrating their effectiveness in reducing anxiety, depression, pain, stress, and negative emotions, while also improving quality of life and possibly life expectancy.

CONCLUSION

Integrating spiritual care into routine care for CVD patients presents a promising approach to improve their overall well-being. This review highlights the effectiveness of spiritual interventions in reducing various negative emotions and enhancing quality of life.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

PROSPERO (CRD42023448687).

摘要

背景

心血管疾病（CVD）对患者的生活有重大影响，不仅影响他们的身体健康，还影响他们的精神健康。虽然整体护理认识到满足精神需求的重要性，但护士主导的精神关怀在 CVD 管理中的整合仍研究不足。

目的

本系统评价旨在评估精神和心理干预措施在提高 CVD 患者生活质量和减轻焦虑方面的效果。

方法

根据 PRISMA 指南，我们对 2013 年至 2023 年期间在英文和波斯语数据库（PubMed、Scopus、EMBASE、CINAHL、Cochrane 图书馆、SID、Magiran 和 Web of Science）中发表的相关文章进行了全面搜索。使用 ROB 2 和 ROBINS-I 量表评估纳入的实验和准实验研究的偏倚风险。

结果

最初的搜索产生了 1416 篇文章。在应用纳入和排除标准以及定性评估后，选择了 15 项研究，共 1035 名参与者进行综述。这些研究探讨了精神干预措施（如健康心脏模型、情感导向方法、与更高权力的沟通、接受和关系改善）对 CVD 患者焦虑、压力、预期寿命、抑郁、血液参数、精神体验、疼痛和负面情绪的影响。所有综述研究都报告了精神干预措施的积极结果，表明它们在减轻焦虑、抑郁、疼痛、压力和负面情绪方面的有效性，同时还提高了生活质量和可能的预期寿命。