Petersson Kerstin, Finizia Caterina, Pauli Nina, Tuomi Lisa
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Head Neck. 2025 Jan;47(1):159-174. doi: 10.1002/hed.27886. Epub 2024 Aug 1.
Radiation-induced dysphagia and restricted mouth opening are common problems among patients with head and neck cancer. The aim of the present randomized controlled trial was to determine if an exercise protocol could prevent swallowing and mouth opening impairment.
Eighty-nine participants were randomly assigned to either an active group performing preventive swallowing and mouth opening exercises (n = 45) or to a control group (n = 44). Outcome measures were collected at baseline before radiotherapy and approximately 1-month post-treatment. Primary endpoints were changes in swallowing function according to the Penetration Aspiration Scale and mouth opening ability measured in millimeters. Intention-to-treat analysis was used.
Swallowing function and mouth opening deteriorated in both groups, with no statistically significant positive effect of the protocol detected at follow-up. Among patients who completed >75% of exercises, there was a trend toward better outcomes.
Preventive exercises did not improve short-term swallowing function and mouth opening after radiotherapy.
放射性吞咽困难和张口受限是头颈癌患者常见的问题。本随机对照试验的目的是确定一种运动方案是否可以预防吞咽和张口功能障碍。
89名参与者被随机分配到进行吞咽和张口预防运动的干预组（n = 45）或对照组（n = 44）。在放疗前的基线期和治疗后约1个月收集结果指标。主要终点是根据渗透误吸量表评估的吞咽功能变化以及以毫米为单位测量的张口能力。采用意向性分析。
两组的吞咽功能和张口情况均恶化，随访时未检测到该方案有统计学意义的积极效果。在完成>75%运动的患者中，有改善结果的趋势。
预防性运动并不能改善放疗后的短期吞咽功能和张口情况。
