Tyborski Nicolas, Koehler Tina, Steiner Franziska A, Tung Shu-Yin, Wild Andreas J, Carminati Andrea, Mueller Carsten W, Vidal Alix, Wolfrum Sebastian, Pausch Johanna, Lueders Tillmann
Ecological Microbiology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Root-Soil Interaction, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jul 17;15:1386476. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1386476. eCollection 2024.
The close interconnection of plants with rhizosphere- and root-associated microorganisms is well recognized, and high expectations are raised for considering their symbioses in the breeding of future crop varieties. However, it is unclear how consistently plant-mediated selection, a potential target in crop breeding, influences microbiome members compared to selection imposed by the agricultural environment. Landraces may have traits shaping their microbiome, which were lost during the breeding of modern varieties, but knowledge about this is scarce. We investigated prokaryotic community composition along the radial root axis of two European maize ( L.) landraces. A sampling gradient included bulk soil, a distal and proximal rhizosphere fraction, and the root compartment. Our study was replicated at two field locations with differing edaphic and climatic conditions. Further, we tested for differences between two plant developmental stages and two precipitation treatments. Community data were generated by metabarcoding of the V4 SSU rRNA region. While communities were generally distinct between field sites, the effects of landrace variety, developmental stage, and precipitation treatment were comparatively weak and not statistically significant. Under all conditions, patterns in community composition corresponded strongly to the distance to the root. Changes in α- and β-diversity, as well as abundance shifts of many taxa along this gradient, were similar for both landraces and field locations. Most affected taxa belonged to a core microbiome present in all investigated samples. Remarkably, we observed consistent enrichment of (particularly , ) and (particularly ) toward the root. Further, we report a depletion of ammonia-oxidizers along this axis at both field sites. We identified clear enrichment and depletion patterns in microbiome composition along the radial root axis of . Many of these were consistent across two distinct field locations, plant developmental stages, precipitation treatments, and for both landraces. This suggests a considerable influence of plant-mediated effects on the microbiome. We propose that the affected taxa have key roles in the rhizosphere and root microbiome of . Understanding the functions of these taxa appears highly relevant for the development of methods aiming to promote microbiome services for crops.
植物与根际及根相关微生物之间的紧密联系已得到充分认识，人们对在未来作物品种育种中考虑它们的共生关系寄予厚望。然而，与农业环境施加的选择相比，作为作物育种潜在目标的植物介导选择如何持续影响微生物组成员尚不清楚。地方品种可能具有塑造其微生物组的性状，这些性状在现代品种的育种过程中丧失了，但对此的了解却很少。我们研究了两个欧洲玉米地方品种沿根径向轴的原核生物群落组成。采样梯度包括大田土壤、远根际和近根际部分以及根区室。我们的研究在两个具有不同土壤和气候条件的田间地点进行了重复。此外，我们测试了两个植物发育阶段和两种降水处理之间的差异。通过对V4 SSU rRNA区域进行元条形码分析生成群落数据。虽然不同田间地点的群落总体上不同，但地方品种、发育阶段和降水处理的影响相对较弱且无统计学意义。在所有条件下，群落组成模式与到根的距离密切相关。两个地方品种和田间地点的α和β多样性变化以及许多分类群沿此梯度的丰度变化相似。受影响最大的分类群属于所有调查样本中都存在的核心微生物组。值得注意的是，我们观察到 （特别是 ， ）和 （特别是 ）沿根一致富集。此外，我们报告了两个田间地点沿此轴氨氧化菌的减少。我们确定了沿玉米根径向轴微生物组组成中明显的富集和减少模式。其中许多在两个不同的田间地点、植物发育阶段、降水处理以及两个地方品种中都是一致的。这表明植物介导的效应对微生物组有相当大的影响。我们认为受影响的分类群在玉米的根际和根微生物组中具有关键作用。了解这些分类群的功能对于开发旨在促进作物微生物组服务的方法似乎高度相关。
