Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité, Berlin, Germany.
Mycoses. 2024 Aug;67(8):e13774. doi: 10.1111/myc.13774.
Fungi clinically relevant to human skin comprise prevalent commensals and well-known pathogens. Only rarely human skin harbours fungi that evade identification.
To characterise an enigmatic specimen isolated from a skin lesion.
A comprehensive clinical and mycological workup including conventional methods for phenotypic characterisation and sequencing based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) regions to infer a phylogenetic tree.
Cultures on common solid media were macroscopically inconspicuous initially until mycelial tufts developed on the surface, notably on potato dextrose agar. Polymorphous chlamydospores were detected but no aleurospores and ascomata. At 26°C, the isolate grew on standard agars, plant materials and garden soil and utilised peptone, keratins, lipids, inulin, erythrocytes and cellulose. It also grew at 5°C and at 37°C. Nucleotide sequences of its ITS region showed 93% similarity to sequences of different Malbranchea species. The closest matches among LSU rRNA sequences were obtained with the genera Amauroascus, Arthroderma, Auxarthronopsis and Malbranchea (93%-95%). A combined phylogenetic analysis placed the fungus in a sister clade to Neogymnomycetaceae, classified as incertae sedis in Onygenales, on a large distance to either Diploospora rosea or 'Amauroascus' aureus.
The genus Inopinatus gen. nov. (MB854685) with the species Inopinatus corneliae sp. nov. (MB854687) is introduced to accommodate our isolate (holotype: DSM 116806; isotypes: CBS 151104, IHEM 29063). Probably Inopinatus corneliae is a geophilic species that, although potentially harmful, was no relevant pathogen in our case. Its ecology, epidemiology and pathogenicity need to be further clarified.
与人类皮肤相关的真菌包括常见的共生菌和知名的病原体。只有极少数情况下，人类皮肤会藏匿无法鉴定的真菌。
对从皮肤病变中分离出的一种神秘标本进行特征描述。
进行全面的临床和真菌学检查，包括表型特征的常规方法和基于内部转录间隔区（ITS）和大亚基（LSU）区域的测序，以推断出系统发育树。
在最初的普通固体培养基上，培养物的宏观特征不明显，直到表面出现菌丝丛，特别是在土豆葡萄糖琼脂上。检测到多形性厚垣孢子，但没有粉孢子和子囊果。在 26°C 时，该分离株在标准琼脂、植物材料和花园土壤上生长，并利用蛋白胨、角蛋白、脂质、菊粉、红细胞和纤维素。它也能在 5°C 和 37°C 下生长。ITS 区域的核苷酸序列与不同的 Malbranchea 种的序列具有 93%的相似性。LSU rRNA 序列最接近的匹配是在属 Amauroascus、Arthroderma、Auxarthronopsis 和 Malbranchea（93%-95%）中获得的。综合系统发育分析将该真菌置于 Neogymnomycetaceae 的姊妹群中，在 Onygenales 中归类为未确定地位，与 Diploospora rosea 或“Amauroascus”aureus 均有较大距离。
引入了新属 Inopinatus gen. nov.（MB854685）及其种 Inopinatus corneliae sp. nov.（MB854687），以容纳我们的分离株（模式：DSM 116806；等模式：CBS 151104、IHEM 29063）。可能 Inopinatus corneliae 是一种嗜土物种，尽管具有潜在危害，但在我们的病例中并非相关病原体。它的生态、流行病学和致病性需要进一步阐明。
