Gou Ruijian, Lohmann Gerrit, Wu Lixin
Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, <a href="https://ror.org/04rdtx186">Ocean University of China</a>, Qingdao, China.
<a href="https://ror.org/032e6b942">Alfred Wegener Institute</a>, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Jul 19;133(3):034201. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.034201.
The Atlantic circulation is a key component of the global ocean conveyor that transports heat and nutrients worldwide. Its likely weakening due to global warming has implications for climate and ecology. However, the expected changes remain largely uncertain as low-resolution climate models currently in use do not resolve small scales. Although the large-scale circulation tends to weaken uniformly in both the low-resolution and our high-resolution climate model version, we find that the small-scale circulation in the North Atlantic changes abruptly under global warming and exhibits pronounced spatial heterogeneity. Furthermore, the future Atlantic Ocean circulation in the high-resolution model version expands in conjunction with a sea ice retreat and strengthening toward the Arctic. Finally, the cutting-edge climate model indicates sensitive shifts in the eddies and circulation on regional scales for future warming and thus provides a benchmark for next-generation climate models that can get rid of parametrizations of unresolved scales.
大西洋环流是全球海洋传送带的关键组成部分，它在全球范围内输送热量和营养物质。由于全球变暖，其可能出现的减弱对气候和生态有着重要影响。然而，由于目前使用的低分辨率气候模型无法解析小尺度现象，预期的变化在很大程度上仍不确定。尽管在低分辨率和我们的高分辨率气候模型版本中，大尺度环流都倾向于均匀减弱，但我们发现，在全球变暖的情况下，北大西洋的小尺度环流会突然发生变化，并呈现出明显的空间异质性。此外，高分辨率模型版本中的未来大西洋环流会随着海冰消退和向北极方向的加强而扩展。最后，前沿气候模型表明，未来变暖将导致区域尺度上的涡旋和环流发生敏感变化，从而为能够摆脱未解析尺度参数化的下一代气候模型提供了一个基准。
