Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Asia Institute, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2024 Sep;206:116766. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116766. Epub 2024 Aug 1.
This study focuses on the environmental efficiency of ports in China's Yangtze River Delta Pilot Free Trade Zone (YRD PFTZ), a critical factor in advancing the high-quality development of ports and facilitating Chinese-style modernization. Current research on port efficiency primarily focuses on the geographical level, with relatively few studies examining the economic regional framework. We selected the YRD PFTZ port for our study to address this gap. Covering 2013 to 2021, we employed the Super-SBM with undesirable outputs and utilized the GML index method. We conducted a spatiotemporal analysis to assess dynamic and static aspects and used the Tobit model to thoroughly investigate the factors influencing the GML Index of these ports. The study showed that: (1) the overall environmental efficiency of these ports was relatively high with a fluctuating trend of initial increase, followed by a decrease, and then an upturn. (2) From a dynamic perspective, the average Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) Index is 1.549, denoting an exceptional level primarily driven by technological efficiency. The technical efficiency change index is the main factor improving GTFP in Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Anhui provinces. (3) The port cargo volume and total import and export volume significantly impact the environmental efficiency.
本研究聚焦于中国长江三角洲自由贸易试验区（YRD PFTZ）港口的环境效率，这是推进港口高质量发展和促进中国式现代化的关键因素。当前关于港口效率的研究主要集中在地理层面，而在经济区域框架方面的研究相对较少。我们选择 YRD PFTZ 港口作为研究对象，以弥补这一空白。本研究采用超效率 SBM 模型和非期望产出，并利用 GML 指数方法，选取了 2013 年至 2021 年的数据进行时空分析，以评估动态和静态方面，并使用 Tobit 模型深入研究影响这些港口 GML 指数的因素。研究结果表明：（1）这些港口的整体环境效率相对较高，呈先增后降再升的波动趋势。（2）从动态角度来看，平均绿色全要素生产率（GTFP）指数为 1.549，表明技术效率是其主要驱动因素，上海、江苏和安徽三省的技术效率变化指数是提高 GTFP 的主要因素。（3）港口货物吞吐量和进出口总额对环境效率有显著影响。
