Šulak Marko, Jevnikar Kristina, Drnovšek Fran, Vrhovec Levin, Urbančič Mojca, Potrč Maja, Thaler Angela, Čokl Neža, Zaletel Jelka, Petrovič Mojca Globočnik
Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2025 Mar;35(2):660-668. doi: 10.1177/11206721241267029. Epub 2024 Aug 2.
This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the characteristics of patients enrolled in the national diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening program and evaluate the selected program's quality elements in the first five years after implementation.
Patients who underwent DR screening between February 2018 and June 2022 at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana were included. General patient characteristics (age, sex, type and therapy of diabetes mellitus (DM), duration of DM, blood HbA1c levels), best corrected visual acuity, stage of DR, presence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR), and selected quality indicators (quality of photographs, re-screening interval, time to treatment) were recorded and evaluated.
A total of 34 654 screening examinations were performed on 13 513 patients with diabetes. The majority (77.3%) had Type 2 diabetes, with a mean DM duration of 9.74 ± 9.87 years. In 55.9% of patients, DM duration was less than ten years, and the mean HbA1c was 7.33% ± 1.49. DR signs were noted in 29.1% of patients and 0.89% of patients exhibited STDR. After establishing the diagnosis of STDR, treatment was initiated in 3.43 ± 1.98 months.
Implementing the DR screening program provides valuable insights into managing diabetic retinopathy nationwide. It allows for the early detection of sight-threatening DR and facilitates timely and effective treatment, which could help prevent severe visual impairment.
这项回顾性队列研究旨在评估纳入国家糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）筛查项目的患者特征，并在实施后的头五年评估所选项目的质量要素。
纳入2018年2月至2022年6月在卢布尔雅那大学医学中心接受DR筛查的患者。记录并评估患者的一般特征（年龄、性别、糖尿病（DM）类型及治疗、DM病程、血液糖化血红蛋白水平）、最佳矫正视力、DR分期、威胁视力的糖尿病视网膜病变（STDR）的存在情况以及所选质量指标（照片质量、再次筛查间隔、治疗时间）。
共对13513例糖尿病患者进行了34654次筛查检查。大多数（77.3%）患有2型糖尿病，DM平均病程为9.74±9.87年。55.9%的患者DM病程小于十年，平均糖化血红蛋白为7.33%±1.49。29.1%的患者出现DR体征，0.89%的患者出现STDR。在确诊STDR后，3.43±1.98个月开始治疗。
实施DR筛查项目为全国范围内糖尿病视网膜病变的管理提供了有价值的见解。它有助于早期发现威胁视力的DR，并促进及时有效的治疗，这有助于预防严重视力损害。
