Vidal Leão Renata, Fernandes Batista Pereira Renata, Omena Martins Raul, Sayuri Yamachira Viviane, Tokechi Amaral Denise, Ejnisman Leandro, de Paula Correa Marcos Felippe, Partezani Helito Paulo Victor
Musculoskeletal Division, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa, IA, USA.
Radiology Department, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, R Adma Jafet, São Paulo, 101, Brazil.
Skeletal Radiol. 2025 Mar;54(3):387-406. doi: 10.1007/s00256-024-04766-5. Epub 2024 Aug 3.
The hip capsule and capsular ligaments play crucial roles in providing hip stability and mobility. Their role in hip pathologies is being increasingly recognized, underscoring the need for thorough imaging evaluation, which is better performed through MRI-arthrography. Various diseases affect the hip capsule directly or indirectly. Improper mechanical loading, as seen in conditions such as femoroacetabular impingement or chondrolabral pathology, can induce capsule thickening, whereas thinning and laxity of the capsule are characteristics of microinstability. Inflammatory conditions, including adhesive capsulitis of the hip, crystal deposition disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, and infections, also lead to capsular changes. Traumatic events, particularly posterior hip dislocations, cause capsule ligament disruption and may lead to hip macroinstability. Friction syndromes can lead to capsular edema due to impingement of the adjacent capsule. Hip arthroscopy can result in various postoperative findings ranging from fibrotic adhesions to focal or extensive capsule discontinuation. Although the significance of hip capsule thickness and morphology in the pathogenesis of hip diseases remains unclear, radiologists must recognize capsule alterations on imaging evaluation. These insights can aid clinicians in accurately diagnosing and effectively managing patients with hip conditions.
髋关节囊和囊韧带在提供髋关节稳定性和活动度方面发挥着关键作用。它们在髋关节病变中的作用日益受到认可，这突出了进行全面影像学评估的必要性，而通过磁共振关节造影能更好地进行此项评估。多种疾病可直接或间接影响髋关节囊。不当的机械负荷，如在股骨髋臼撞击症或髋臼唇盂病变等情况下所见，可导致关节囊增厚，而关节囊变薄和松弛是微不稳定的特征。炎症性疾病，包括髋关节粘连性关节囊炎、晶体沉积病、风湿性多肌痛和感染，也会导致关节囊改变。创伤性事件，尤其是髋关节后脱位，会导致关节囊韧带断裂，并可能导致髋关节宏观不稳定。摩擦综合征可因相邻关节囊受到撞击而导致关节囊水肿。髋关节镜检查可导致各种术后表现，从纤维化粘连到局部或广泛的关节囊中断。尽管髋关节囊厚度和形态在髋关节疾病发病机制中的意义尚不清楚，但放射科医生在影像学评估中必须识别关节囊的改变。这些见解有助于临床医生准确诊断和有效管理髋关节疾病患者。
