Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMJ Paediatr Open. 2024 Aug 3;8(1):e002431. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002431.
Irrational prescribing and dispensing of oral dosage forms of medicines to paediatric patients are major public health issues, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Many challenges affect the rational use of oral dosage forms of medicines in children; these include a lack of dosage forms appropriate for the age and a lack of dose flexibility in dosage forms.
To assess the rational prescribing and dispensing practices of oral dosage forms to children at dispensaries of the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialised Hospital (UoGCSH).
A retrospective design for prescribing indicators and a cross-sectional study design to assess rational dispensing were used at the outpatient dispensary units of UoGCSH. A total of 931 oral dosage forms to assess prescribing indicators and 400 for dispensing indicators were used. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS V.26.0, IBM Corporation). Descriptive statistics were used to analyse indicators, and the χ test was used to compare indicators between dispensaries.
Out of a total of 931 oral dosage forms for 700 prescriptions, 56.3% were solid oral dosage forms. An average number of oral dosage forms per child was 1.33±0.62. Only 150 (16.13%) (95% CI: 14% to 18.4%) were adequate for the weight of the child. The percentage of oral dosage forms not suitable for the age was 7.1% (66), (95% CI: 5.6% to 8.8%), and about 0.8% (95% CI: 0% to 1.8%) were adequately labelled. Drugs that needed manipulation before administering a single unit were 81 (39.7%), 95% CI: 33.7% to 47.1%.
The proportion of the prescribed medications that were adequate for the weight of the child was low, although the majority of prescriptions' weights were not recorded. Oral dosage forms not suitable for children were prescribed. The proportion of medications that needed manipulation before being administered as a single unit was high.
不合理的处方和配药给儿科患者的口服剂型是一个主要的公共卫生问题，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家。许多挑战影响儿童口服剂型的合理使用；这些挑战包括缺乏适合年龄的剂型和剂型缺乏剂量灵活性。
评估 Gondar 大学综合和专科医院（UoGCSH）药房中儿童口服剂型的合理处方和配药情况。
采用回顾性设计评估处方指标，采用横断面研究设计评估配药合理性，在 UoGCSH 的门诊药房单位进行。共使用 931 种口服剂型评估处方指标，400 种用于评估配药指标。数据使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS V.26.0，IBM 公司）进行分析。使用描述性统计来分析指标，并使用 χ 检验比较不同药房之间的指标。
在总共 931 种用于 700 张处方的口服剂型中，56.3%为固体口服剂型。每个孩子平均口服剂型为 1.33±0.62 种。只有 150 种（16.13%）（95%CI：14%至 18.4%）适合孩子的体重。不适合儿童年龄的口服剂型比例为 7.1%（66 种）（95%CI：5.6%至 8.8%），约 0.8%（95%CI：0%至 1.8%）标签标注正确。需要在给药前进行操作的药物有 81 种（39.7%），95%CI：33.7%至 47.1%。
尽管大多数处方的体重没有记录，但适合儿童体重的处方药物比例较低。开了不适合儿童的口服剂型。需要在给药前进行操作的药物比例较高。
