Hine A L, Lui D, Dawson P
Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh). 1985 Nov-Dec;26(6):753-6. doi: 10.1177/028418518502600621.
A theoretical and experimental study of the plasma volume expansion consequent on the hyperosmolality of contrast media is presented. In the case of the ratio 1.5 media theory and experiment coincide closely but in the case of the ratio 3 media the observed changes exceed the predicted. It is proposed that this is due partly to the slower diffusion of the ratio 3 media out of the intravascular space and partly due to the fact that the osmotic load presented by these media is greater than would be expected from a study of their commercial solutions in which osmolality is reduced by molecular aggregation. The implications for the relative haemodynamic effects of different contrast media are discussed. The osmotic effects of contrast media also play a part in determining the image quality achievable in intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IV-DSA). It is predicted that ratio 3 contrast media will give better quality images in IV-DSA than ratio 1.5 media.
本文介绍了关于造影剂高渗导致血浆容量扩张的理论与实验研究。对于1.5倍比例的造影剂，理论与实验结果吻合度很高，但对于3倍比例的造影剂，观察到的变化超过了预测值。研究认为，这部分归因于3倍比例造影剂从血管内空间扩散出去的速度较慢，部分归因于这些造影剂所呈现的渗透负荷大于根据其商业溶液研究预期的负荷，在商业溶液中，渗透压因分子聚集而降低。文中讨论了不同造影剂相对血流动力学效应的影响。造影剂的渗透效应在决定静脉数字减影血管造影（IV-DSA）可达到的图像质量方面也起到一定作用。预计在IV-DSA中，3倍比例造影剂比1.5倍比例造影剂能提供质量更好的图像。
