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预测犬气管直径和长度：一种改善插管的工具。

Predicting dog tracheal diameter and length: A tool for improved intubation.

作者信息

Khiao-In Maneenooch, Kananub Suppada, Sritrakul Tepyuda, Thamsatit Pattarawadee, Theerawatanasirikul Sirin, Srisowanna Naparee

机构信息

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakornpathom, Thailand.

出版信息

J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2024 Jun 8;11(2):323-329. doi: 10.5455/javar.2024.k780. eCollection 2024 Jun.

DOI:10.5455/javar.2024.k780
PMID:39101101
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11296161/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop formulas for estimating tracheal diameter and length in dogs using easily measurable anatomical parameters.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The samples consisted of 20 dogs of various breeds, comprising 10 males and 10 females, sourced from cadavers. The measured parameters included occipital tuberosity to tail base (OT), eye angle to ear tragus, nose to ear tragus, inner vertical diameters (IVD), and tracheal length (TL). The study conducted correlation and linear regression analyses, and subsequently, the formulated models underwent validation using 16 live dogs. The results were compared to radiographic measurements.

RESULTS

Linear regression recommended formulas based on OT, resulting in IVD (mm) = 0.203 × OT - 3.724 ( 0.608, < 0.001) and TL (cm) = 0.346 × OT-3.773 ( 0.837, < 0.001). The predicted tracheal diameter and length from formulas were slightly smaller than radiographic measurements (IVD = 2.76 ± 1.85 mm, < 0.0001 and TL = 2.07 ± 1.81 cm, < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION

These formulas offer a practical way to estimate tracheal dimensions in live dogs, facilitating the selection of suitable endotracheal tube sizes and insertion depth. Further studies with larger sample sizes and consistent measurement methods can enhance the accuracy of these findings.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在利用易于测量的解剖学参数制定估算犬气管直径和长度的公式。

材料与方法

样本包括20只不同品种的犬，其中10只雄性和10只雌性，来源于尸体。测量的参数包括枕结节至尾基部（OT）、眼角至耳屏、鼻至耳屏、内垂直直径（IVD）和气管长度（TL）。该研究进行了相关性和线性回归分析，随后，使用16只活体犬对制定的模型进行验证。将结果与X线测量结果进行比较。

结果

基于OT的线性回归推荐公式得出，IVD（mm）=0.203×OT - 3.724（R = 0.608，P < 0.001），TL（cm）=0.346×OT - 3.773（R = 0.837，P < 0.001）。公式预测的气管直径和长度略小于X线测量值（IVD = 2.76±1.85 mm，P < 0.0001；TL = 2.07±1.81 cm，P < 0.0001）。

结论

这些公式为估算活体犬的气管尺寸提供了一种实用方法，有助于选择合适的气管内导管尺寸和插入深度。采用更大样本量和一致测量方法的进一步研究可提高这些结果的准确性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/1860a06b7b62/JAVAR-11-323-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/cb48bcbcbf2e/JAVAR-11-323-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/17197547d374/JAVAR-11-323-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/44ec47001a47/JAVAR-11-323-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/1860a06b7b62/JAVAR-11-323-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/cb48bcbcbf2e/JAVAR-11-323-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/17197547d374/JAVAR-11-323-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/44ec47001a47/JAVAR-11-323-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/896e/11296161/1860a06b7b62/JAVAR-11-323-g004.jpg

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Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Oct 28;101(43):e31410. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000031410.
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Vet Anaesth Analg. 2022 Sep;49(5):463-467. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2022.07.002. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
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Radiographic vertical tracheal diameter assessment at different levels along the trachea as an alternative method for the evaluation of the tracheal diameter in non-brachycephalic small breed dogs.
评估非短头颅小型犬气管不同部位的放射影像学垂直气管直径，作为评估气管直径的替代方法。
BMC Vet Res. 2022 Feb 1;18(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03160-4.
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The lengths of trachea and main bronchus in Chinese Shanghai population.中国人气管和主支气管长度。
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 26;11(1):2168. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81744-0.
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Tracheal tube size in adults undergoing elective surgery - a narrative review.成人择期手术中气管导管大小 - 叙述性综述。
Anaesthesia. 2020 Nov;75(11):1529-1539. doi: 10.1111/anae.15041. Epub 2020 May 16.
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2020 AAHA Anesthesia and Monitoring Guidelines for Dogs and Cats.2020年美国动物医院协会犬猫麻醉与监测指南。
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2020 Mar/Apr;56(2):59-82. doi: 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-7055.
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Fluoroscopic and radiographic assessment of variations in tracheal height during inspiration and expiration in healthy adult small-breed dogs.健康成年小型犬吸气和呼气时气管高度变化的荧光透视和放射学评估。
Can J Vet Res. 2020 Jan;84(1):24-32.
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Proposing an Endotracheal Tube Selection Tool Based on Multivariate Analysis of Airway Imaging.提出一种基于气道成像多变量分析的气管内导管选择工具。
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Development of a clinical tool to aid endotracheal tube size selection in dogs.开发一种临床工具，以帮助犬的气管内导管大小选择。
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