Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western Fruit Resources, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2024 Nov;104(14):9001-9013. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.13727. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
A water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsion can simultaneously load hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances due to its unique two-membrane, three-phase structure. However, thermodynamic instability greatly limits the application of double emulsions in food processing. Further development of Pickering emulsions based on proteins, etc., can improve the stability and loading capacity. It is of great significance to promote their practical application.
Herein, we prepared ultrasound pretreatment complex glycation-modified phycocyanin (UMPC) to stabilize a W/O/W Pickering emulsion for the codelivery of vitamin B12 (VB12) and vitamin E (VE). First, an inner water phase and oil phase containing polyglycerin polyricinoleate were homogenized to prepare a W/O emulsion. Subsequently, the W/O emulsion was homogenized with an outer water phase containing UMPC to obtain a W/O/W Pickering emulsion. A gel-like inner phase emulsion with excellent storage and thermal stabilities was obtained under the condition that the W/O emulsion volume ratio was 80% and the UMPC was stabilized by 10 g kg. The double emulsion after loading VB12 and VE showed good encapsulation effect during the storage period, the encapsulation rate could reach more than 90%, it also showed excellent protection effect under long-time storage and UV irradiation and the retention rate increased by more than 65%. In addition, the bioavailability of VB12 and VE significantly increased during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and reached 46.02% and 52.43%, respectively.
These results indicate that the UMPC-stabilized W/O/W Pickering emulsion is an effective carrier for the codelivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic bioactive molecules and also provides a means for useful exploration of an efficient and stable emulsion system stabilized by biological macromolecules. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
W/O/W 型双乳液由于其独特的双膜、三相结构，可以同时负载亲水性和疏水性物质。然而，热力学不稳定性极大地限制了双乳液在食品加工中的应用。基于蛋白质等的 Pickering 乳液的进一步发展可以提高其稳定性和负载能力。这对于促进其实际应用具有重要意义。
本文制备了超声预处理复合糖化修饰藻蓝蛋白（UMPC）以稳定 W/O/W Pickering 乳液，用于共递送维生素 B12（VB12）和维生素 E（VE）。首先，将含有聚甘油蓖麻醇酸酯的内水相和油相均化，制备 W/O 乳液。随后，将 W/O 乳液与含有 UMPC 的外水相均化，得到 W/O/W Pickering 乳液。在 W/O 乳液体积比为 80%且 UMPC 用 10 g·kg-1 稳定的条件下，得到了具有优异储存和热稳定性的凝胶状内相乳液。负载 VB12 和 VE 后的双乳液在储存期间表现出良好的包封效果，包封率可达 90%以上，在长时间储存和紫外照射下也表现出良好的保护效果，保留率增加了 65%以上。此外，VB12 和 VE 在模拟胃肠道消化过程中的生物利用度显著提高，分别达到 46.02%和 52.43%。
这些结果表明，UMPC 稳定的 W/O/W Pickering 乳液是亲水性和疏水性生物活性分子共递送的有效载体，也为生物大分子稳定的高效稳定乳液体系的有用探索提供了一种手段。
