Bourgeois Cécile, Brigaud Emmanuelle, Louis Ella, Azzoune Lynda, Gambonnet Marie, Vitou Valérie, Jeandel Claude, Erkes Jérôme, Bayard Sophie
EPSYLON EA 4556, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, France.
Fondation Partage et Vie, France.
Dementia (London). 2025 Apr;24(3):436-455. doi: 10.1177/14713012241270805. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
ObjectiveGroup activities are commonly offered to residents of nursing homes, and increasingly with a person-centred care approach. The aim of this study is to compare the impacts of a Montessori-based reading activity with a more traditional reading activity.MethodA multiple baseline design was used, with 3 groups of 5 older adults with moderate to severe dementia. All sessions were videorecorded and analysed by independent judges, blinded to our hypotheses and conditions. Impacts of the type of activity (storytelling or Montessori-based reading) on verbal interactions, engagement level, affect and behavioural aspects were estimated with both visual analyses and statistical analyses using the between-case standardised mean differences method.ResultsSignificant differences were found in favour of the Montessori-based activities with regard to the number of verbal interactions, constructive and passive engagement and positive affect expressed, with moderate to large effect size (from 0.46 to 1.66).ConclusionThe Montessori-based reading group activity really seems to be preferable to a more traditional storytelling activity, with multiple benefits for residents. Depending on the preserved abilities and interests of the participants, it can also be aimed at people with severe dementia.
目的
养老院通常会开展团体活动，并且越来越多地采用以人为主的护理方法。本研究的目的是比较基于蒙台梭利法的阅读活动与更传统的阅读活动的影响。
方法
采用多基线设计，对3组每组5名患有中度至重度痴呆症的老年人进行研究。所有环节均进行录像，并由对我们的假设和条件不知情的独立评判员进行分析。使用案例间标准化均值差异法，通过视觉分析和统计分析来评估活动类型（讲故事或基于蒙台梭利法的阅读）对言语互动、参与程度、情感和行为方面的影响。
结果
在言语互动的数量、建设性和被动参与以及所表达的积极情感方面，发现基于蒙台梭利法的活动具有显著差异，效应大小为中度至较大（从0.46到1.66）。
结论
基于蒙台梭利法的阅读团体活动似乎确实比更传统的讲故事活动更可取，对养老院居民有多重益处。根据参与者保留的能力和兴趣，它也可以针对患有重度痴呆症的人群。
