Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1 Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia.
Institute for Health Systems Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1 Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40170, Malaysia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 5;24(1):780. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09679-1.
The effect of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir on preventing post-COVID condition (PCC) in the BA4, BA5, and XBB Omicron predominant periods is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to assess how nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment affected both PCC and health-related quality of life.
This retrospective cohort study enrolled 2,524 adults aged 18 years and older who were eligible for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir between July 14 to November 14, 2022. All outcomes were observed from the patient's first visit to the primary health clinic, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after testing positive for COVID-19. The primary outcome was the presence of PCC. Secondary outcomes included the effects on health-related quality of life, such as walking, bathing and dressing, activities, cause adverse emotions or signs that prevent individuals from leading normal lives over a 180-day observation period.
There were no significant differences observed between the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and those not administered (control group) in terms of PCC symptoms at 3 months (OR 0.71 95% CI 0.31, 1.64) and 6 months (OR 1.30 95% CI 0.76, 2.21). At 3 months, the use of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was associated with a 26% reduction in symptoms causing negative emotions (OR 0.74 95% CI 0.60, 0.92) and an increased likelihood of symptoms limiting walking (OR 1.58 95% CI 1.10, 2.27). However, there were no significant differences between the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and the control group in terms of the impact of PCC on health-related quality of life at 6 months.
Our study indicates that the administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir does not significantly reduce PCC after 3 months and 6 months in a population with high vaccination coverage.
奈玛特韦/利托那韦在预防 BA4、BA5 和 XBB 奥密克戎为主的时期的新冠后疾病（PCC）方面的效果尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估奈玛特韦/利托那韦治疗对 PCC 和健康相关生活质量的影响。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了 2524 名年龄在 18 岁及以上、有资格在 2022 年 7 月 14 日至 11 月 14 日期间使用奈玛特韦/利托那韦的成年人。所有结局均从患者首次就诊于初级保健诊所开始，1 周、1 个月、3 个月和 6 个月后 COVID-19 检测阳性时进行观察。主要结局是 PCC 的发生。次要结局包括对健康相关生活质量的影响，如行走、洗澡和穿衣、活动能力，以及在 180 天观察期内导致个体产生负面情绪或迹象，从而妨碍其正常生活的因素。
在 3 个月（OR 0.71，95%CI 0.31，1.64）和 6 个月（OR 1.30，95%CI 0.76，2.21）时，奈玛特韦/利托那韦组和未使用奈玛特韦/利托那韦组（对照组）之间的 PCC 症状没有显著差异。在 3 个月时，使用奈玛特韦/利托那韦与症状引起负面情绪的减少 26%相关（OR 0.74，95%CI 0.60，0.92），与症状限制行走的可能性增加相关（OR 1.58，95%CI 1.10，2.27）。然而，在 6 个月时，奈玛特韦/利托那韦组和对照组之间在 PCC 对健康相关生活质量的影响方面没有显著差异。
我们的研究表明，在高疫苗接种率人群中，奈玛特韦/利托那韦在 3 个月和 6 个月后对 PCC 的发生没有显著影响。
