School of Graduate Studies, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Jul 22;15:1397301. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1397301. eCollection 2024.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is clinically marked by progressive proteinuria and a decline in glomerular filtration rate. The etiology and pathogenesis of DN encompass a spectrum of factors, including hemodynamic alterations, inflammation, and oxidative stress, yet remain incompletely understood. The NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a critical component of the body's innate immunity, plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of DN by promoting the release of inflammatory cytokines, thus contributing to the progression of this chronic inflammatory condition. Recent studies highlight the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the renal pathology associated with DN. This article delves into the activation pathways of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its pathogenic implications in DN. Additionally, it reviews the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, aiming to provide comprehensive insights into the pathogenesis of DN and the current advancements in TCM interventions targeting NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles. Such insights are expected to lay the groundwork for further exploration into TCM-based treatments for DN.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是糖尿病（DM）的一种常见并发症，临床上以进行性蛋白尿和肾小球滤过率下降为特征。DN 的病因和发病机制包括一系列因素，包括血液动力学改变、炎症和氧化应激，但仍不完全了解。NOD 样受体含pyrin 结构域蛋白 3（NLRP3）炎性小体是机体固有免疫的关键组成部分，通过促进炎症细胞因子的释放，在 DN 的病理生理学中发挥关键作用，从而促进这种慢性炎症状态的进展。最近的研究强调了 NLRP3 炎性小体在与 DN 相关的肾脏病理学中的作用。本文深入探讨了 NLRP3 炎性小体的激活途径及其在 DN 中的致病意义。此外，还综述了中药（TCM）在调节 NLRP3 炎性小体方面的治疗潜力，旨在为 DN 的发病机制和针对 NLRP3 炎症小体的 TCM 干预措施的最新进展提供全面的认识。这些见解有望为基于 TCM 的 DN 治疗的进一步探索奠定基础。
