Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Personality, Evaluation and Treatments, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
Dev Psychobiol. 2024 Sep;66(6):e22532. doi: 10.1002/dev.22532.
Given the scarcity of studies addressing substance consumption and its relationship with attachment styles and early maladaptive schemas in adolescents, the present study is proposed. Aims of this study are to analyze the relationship among attachment styles, early maladaptive schemas, and substance use; test the predictive role of attachment styles on substance use; and observe the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment and substance use. The sample consisted of 1533 adolescents from Ecuador (53.9% males) aged between 14 and 18 years (M = 15.76; SD = 1.25). The attachment styles of security, value to parental authority, parental permissiveness, parental interference, self-sufficiency and resentment against parents, childhood trauma, and family concern predict substance use (tobacco, alcohol, tranquilizers/sedatives or sleeping pills, hashish or marijuana, cocaine, GHB or liquid ecstasy, ecstasy, amphetamines/speed, hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants/volatiles), and the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas is confirmed (explained variance up to 33.33%). Identifying risk or vulnerability factors, such as attachment and early maladaptive schemas related to substance consumption, is especially relevant for designing and implementing preventive interventions in the adolescent population.
鉴于目前针对青少年物质消费及其与依恋风格和早期适应不良模式关系的研究较少，因此提出了本研究。本研究的目的是分析依恋风格、早期适应不良模式和物质使用之间的关系；检验依恋风格对物质使用的预测作用；并观察早期适应不良模式在依恋与物质使用关系中的中介作用。该样本由来自厄瓜多尔的 1533 名青少年组成（53.9%为男性），年龄在 14 至 18 岁之间（M=15.76；SD=1.25）。安全依恋、对父母权威的重视、父母放任、父母干涉、自给自足和对父母的怨恨、儿童创伤和家庭关注预测物质使用（烟草、酒精、镇静剂/安定剂或安眠药、哈希什或大麻、可卡因、GHB 或液体摇头丸、摇头丸、安非他命/速度、致幻剂、海洛因、吸入剂/挥发性物质），并且确认了早期适应不良模式的中介作用（解释方差高达 33.33%）。确定与物质消费相关的风险或脆弱性因素，如依恋和早期适应不良模式，对于设计和实施青少年人群的预防干预措施尤为重要。
