Davis D L
J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1985;33:115-24.
Studies have consistently demonstrated that 4-cell pig embryos can be cultured to the blastocyst stage in a simple salt solution containing bovine serum albumin (BSA). Pig embryos appear to be detrimentally affected by lower levels of lactate and pyruvate than are mouse embryos, but in general their in-vitro requirements are similar. Results from embryos cultured between the 4-cell and blastocyst stages are consistent enough to allow the use of culture for the storage and shipment of pig embryos. However, results obtained after culture and transfer indicate a reduction in viability similar to that observed for cultured cattle and mice embryos. Embryos collected earlier than the 4-cell stage have been difficult to support in vitro beyond one or two cleavage divisions. Pig blastocysts may benefit from serum in their in-vitro environment: lamb, fetal calf and human serum supported continued development but pig serum was detrimental. There are conflicting reports on the efficacy of a more complete medium (Minimum Essential Medium) on the growth of pig embryos. Embryo culture will almost certainly contribute to the application of biotechnology to embryos by providing more appropriate environments for in-vitro manipulations and also, possibly, by providing a system for the early selection of desirable embryonic genotypes.
研究一直表明，4细胞猪胚胎可以在含有牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的简单盐溶液中培养至囊胚阶段。与小鼠胚胎相比，较低水平的乳酸和丙酮酸似乎对猪胚胎有不利影响，但总体而言它们的体外培养需求相似。在4细胞和囊胚阶段之间培养的胚胎结果足够一致，足以允许使用培养方法来储存和运输猪胚胎。然而，培养和移植后的结果表明，其活力有所下降，类似于培养的牛和小鼠胚胎所观察到的情况。在4细胞阶段之前收集的胚胎很难在体外支持超过一两个卵裂期。猪囊胚可能会从其体外环境中的血清中受益：羔羊、胎牛和人血清支持其持续发育，但猪血清则有不利影响。关于更完全培养基（最低必需培养基）对猪胚胎生长的功效，存在相互矛盾的报道。胚胎培养几乎肯定会通过为体外操作提供更合适的环境，并且可能还通过提供一个用于早期选择理想胚胎基因型的系统，来促进生物技术在胚胎上的应用。
