Anti-proliferation evaluation of new derivatives of indole-6-carboxylate ester as receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

The main goal was to create two new groups of indole derivatives, hydrazine-1-carbothioamide ( and ) and oxadiazole (, and ) that target EGFR (, , ) or VEGFR-2 (). The new derivatives were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. Docking studies were used to investigate the binding patterns to EGFR/VEGFR-2, and the anti-proliferative properties were tested . Compounds (targeting EGFR) and (targeting VEGFR-2) were the most effective cytotoxic agents, arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase and inducing the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. The results of this study show that compounds and are promising cytotoxic compounds that inhibit the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR and VEGFR-2, respectively.