Ma Hongran, Qu Furong, Dong Jiyuan, Wang Jiancheng
School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2024 Sep 18;26(9):1618-1628. doi: 10.1039/d4em00234b.
Emerging evidence indicates an increasing prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR), potentially linked to air quality. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) and outpatient visits for AR. Daily outpatient data for AR, air pollutant concentrations, and meteorological data were collected from January 2018 to December 2020 in Dingxi, Longnan, and Tianshui. Utilizing a Quasi-Poisson distribution, a generalized additive model (GAM) was employed in conjunction with distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) to explore the association and lag effects of TRAPs on AR outpatient visits across the three cities. Stratified analyses based on gender, age, and season were conducted. A total of 11 106 outpatient visits for AR were recorded in the three cities. For an increase of 10 μg m in PM, the effect estimates in Dingxi, Longnan, and Tianshui reached their maximum at lag04, lag06, and lag07, respectively, with relative risk (RR) values of 4.696 (95% CI: 1.890, 11.614), 2.842 (95% CI: 2.102, 4.922), and 1.102 (95% CI: 1.066, 1.140). For NO, the highest associations were exhibited in Dingxi (RR = 1.262, 95% CI: 1.081, 1.473) at lag07, in Longnan (RR = 2.554, 95% CI: 2.100, 4.805) at lag06, and in Tianshui (RR = 1.158, 95% CI: 1.106, 1.213) at lag07. Meanwhile, the strongest effects observed for a 1 mg m increase in CO were 2.786 (95% CI: 1.467, 5.291) for Dingxi at lag07, 1.502 (95% CI: 1.096, 2.059) for Longnan at lag05, and 1.385 (95% CI: 1.137, 1.686) for Tianshui at lag04. Adults aged 15-64 years appeared to be more susceptible to TRAPs, and the associations were stronger in the cold season. The results of the present study indicate that exposure to TRAPs was positively correlated with outpatient visits for AR.
新出现的证据表明，过敏性鼻炎（AR）的患病率在上升，这可能与空气质量有关。本研究的目的是评估交通相关空气污染物（TRAPs）与AR门诊就诊之间的关系。2018年1月至2020年12月期间，收集了定西、陇南和天水三地的AR每日门诊数据、空气污染物浓度以及气象数据。利用准泊松分布，采用广义相加模型（GAM）结合分布滞后非线性模型（DLNM），探讨TRAPs对这三个城市AR门诊就诊的关联和滞后效应。进行了基于性别、年龄和季节的分层分析。这三个城市共记录了11106例AR门诊就诊病例。PM每增加10 μg/m，定西、陇南和天水的效应估计值分别在滞后04、滞后06和滞后07时达到最大值，相对风险（RR）值分别为4.696（95%CI：1.890，11.614）、2.842（95%CI：2.102，4.922）和1.102（95%CI：1.066，1.140）。对于NO，在滞后07时，定西的关联度最高（RR = 1.262，95%CI：1.081，1.473）；在滞后06时，陇南的关联度最高（RR = 2.554，95%CI：2.100，4.805）；在滞后07时，天水的关联度最高（RR = 1.158，95%CI：1.106，1.213）。同时，CO每增加1 mg/m，在滞后07时，定西观察到的最强效应为2.786（95%CI：1.467，5.291）；在滞后05时，陇南为1.502（95%CI：1.096，2.059）；在滞后04时，天水为1.385（95%CI：1.137，1.686）。15 - 64岁的成年人似乎更容易受到TRAPs的影响，且在寒冷季节这种关联更强。本研究结果表明，暴露于TRAPs与AR门诊就诊呈正相关。
