López-Morales Hernán, Trudo Rosario Gelpi, García Matías Jonás, Del-Valle Macarena Verónica, Yerro Matías, Poó Fernando Martín, Bruna Ornella, Canet-Juric Lorena, Urquijo Sebastián
Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2025 Mar;60(3):631-644. doi: 10.1007/s00127-024-02746-7. Epub 2024 Aug 7.
The pandemic has caused stress due to isolation, loss of loved ones, work and learning changes, financial instability, fear of infection, and uncertainty. It has negatively impacted mental health, particularly increasing anxiety, and depression symptoms. This study analyzed anxiety and depression symptoms over the first 25 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, considering age group, socioeconomic status, and gender.
A longitudinal study with 6 repeated measures was conducted, involving 988 adult participants from Argentina. Adapted versions of the BDI-II and STAI were administered through online questionnaires at 2, 14, 50, 130, 390, and 750 days since the start of the lockdown.
The results showed a sustained increase in anxiety and depression symptoms up to 390 days, followed by a decrease in anxiety below initial levels at 750 days. Depressive symptoms significantly decreased after 750 days but remained higher than initial levels.
Women consistently scored higher than men, lower socioeconomic status individuals reported more symptoms, and younger individuals had higher anxiety and depression, which decreased with age. Surprisingly, older individuals displayed better mental health indicators compared to the rest of the population.
疫情因隔离、亲人离世、工作和学习变化、经济不稳定、对感染的恐惧以及不确定性而导致压力。它对心理健康产生了负面影响，尤其增加了焦虑和抑郁症状。本研究分析了在新冠疫情的头25个月里，焦虑和抑郁症状与年龄组、社会经济地位及性别的关系。
进行了一项有6次重复测量的纵向研究，涉及来自阿根廷的988名成年参与者。自封锁开始后的第2、14、50、130、390和750天，通过在线问卷发放贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）和状态特质焦虑量表（STAI）的改编版本。
结果显示，焦虑和抑郁症状持续增加至390天，随后焦虑在750天时降至初始水平以下。抑郁症状在750天后显著下降，但仍高于初始水平。
女性的得分始终高于男性，社会经济地位较低的个体报告的症状更多，较年轻个体的焦虑和抑郁程度更高，且随年龄增长而降低。令人惊讶的是，与其他人群相比，老年人的心理健康指标更好。
