Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA.
Memory. 2024 Sep;32(8):1100-1114. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2384948. Epub 2024 Aug 7.
Precrastination is the act of completing a task as soon as possible even at the expense of extra effort. Past research has suggested that individuals precrastinate due to a desire to reduce their cognitive load, also known as the cognitive load-reduction (CLEAR) hypothesis [VonderHaar, R. L., McBride, D. M., & Rosenbaum, D. A. (2019). Task order choices in cognitive and perceptual-motor tasks: The cognitive-load-reduction (CLEAR) hypothesis. (7), 2517-2525. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01754-z]. This idea stems from the notion that it is taxing to hold intentions in working memory and completing a task as soon as possible releases cognitive resources for other tasks. Based on this hypothesis, we predicted that aspects of executive function may play a role in precrastination. We tested this prediction using a box-moving task developed in a previous study to measure precrastination. We also incorporated tasks measuring updating and inhibition aspects of executive function: the Stroop interference (both experiments) and Simon tasks (Experiment 2) to measure inhibition and the 2-Back memory task (Experiment 1) to measure updating. We found that the majority of participants precrastinated significantly throughout the box-moving task trials, consistent with results from past studies. However, no relation was found between the executive function tasks and rates of precrastination. These results may be due to the automaticity of precrastination when cognitive resources are limited.
抢先完成是一种尽快完成任务的行为,即使需要付出额外的努力。过去的研究表明,个体之所以抢先完成任务,是因为他们想要减轻认知负荷,这也被称为认知负荷减少假说[VonderHaar, R. L., McBride, D. M., & Rosenbaum, D. A. (2019). 在认知和知觉运动任务中任务顺序的选择:认知负荷减少假说。(7), 2517-2525. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01754-z]。这个想法源于这样一种观念,即把意图保存在工作记忆中是很费力的,尽快完成任务可以为其他任务释放认知资源。基于这一假设,我们预测执行功能的某些方面可能在抢先完成中起作用。我们使用以前研究中开发的一个移动盒子任务来测试这个预测,以衡量抢先完成的程度。我们还结合了衡量执行功能的更新和抑制方面的任务:斯特鲁普干扰(两个实验)和西蒙任务(实验 2)来衡量抑制,2 回记忆任务(实验 1)来衡量更新。我们发现,大多数参与者在移动盒子任务的试验中都显著抢先完成,这与过去的研究结果一致。然而,在执行功能任务和抢先完成率之间没有发现关系。这些结果可能是由于在认知资源有限的情况下,抢先完成是自动的。