Department of Psychology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China.
Department of Psychology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Vision Res. 2024 Oct;223:108462. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108462. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
When observers perceive 3D relations, they represent depth and spatial locations with the ground as a reference. This frame of reference could be egocentric, that is, moving with the observer, or allocentric, that is, remaining stationary and independent of the moving observer. We tested whether the representation of relative depth and of spatial location took an egocentric or allocentric frame of reference in three experiments, using a blind walking task. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants either observed a target in depth, and then straightaway blind walked for the previously seen distance between the target and the self; or walked to the side or along an oblique path for 3 m and then started blind walking for the previously seen distance. The difference between the conditions was whether blind walking started from the observation point. Results showed that blind walking distance varied with the starting locations. Thus, the represented distance did not seem to go through spatial updating with the moving observer and the frame of reference was likely allocentric. In Experiment 3, participants observed a target in space, then immediately blind walked to the target, or blind walked to another starting point and then blind walked to the target. Results showed that the end location of blind walking was different for different starting points, which suggested the representation of spatial location is likely to take an allocentric frame of reference. Taken together, these experiments convergingly suggested that observers used an allocentric frame of reference to construct their mental space representation.
当观察者感知三维关系时，他们会以地面为参考来表示深度和空间位置。这种参考系可以是自我中心的，即随观察者移动，也可以是客观的，即保持静止且独立于移动的观察者。我们通过一个盲目行走任务在三个实验中测试了相对深度和空间位置的表示是否采用了自我中心或客观的参考系。在实验 1 和 2 中，参与者要么观察一个目标的深度，然后立即朝着先前观察到的目标和自我之间的距离盲目行走；要么朝着侧面或斜向路径行走 3 米，然后开始朝着先前观察到的距离盲目行走。条件的不同在于盲目行走是否从观察点开始。结果表明，盲目行走的距离随起始位置而变化。因此，所表示的距离似乎没有随移动的观察者进行空间更新，参考系可能是客观的。在实验 3 中，参与者在空间中观察一个目标，然后立即朝着目标盲目行走，或者朝着另一个起始点盲目行走，然后朝着目标盲目行走。结果表明，不同起始点的盲目行走终点位置不同，这表明空间位置的表示可能采用客观的参考系。总之，这些实验一致表明，观察者使用客观的参考系来构建他们的心理空间表示。
