Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China.
Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2024 Oct;109:107014. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107014. Epub 2024 Aug 4.
Buckwheat sprouts are rich in pectic polysaccharides, which possess numerous health-improving benefits. However, the precise structure-activity relationship of pectic polysaccharides from Tartary buckwheat sprouts (TP) is still scant, which ultimately restricts their applications in the food industry. Hence, both ultrasound-assisted Fenton treatment (UAFT) and mild alkali treatment (MATT) were utilized for the modification of TP, and then the effects of physicochemical characteristics of original and modified TPs on their bioactivities were assessed. Our findings reveled that the UAFT treatment could precisely reduce TP's molecular weight, with the levels decreased from 8.191 × 10 Da to 0.957 × 10 Da. Meanwhile, the MATT treatment could precisely reduce TP's esterification degree, with the values decreased from 28.04 % to 4.72 %. Nevertheless, both UAFT and MATT treatments had limited effects on the backbone and branched chain of TP. Moreover, our findings unveiled that the UAFT treatment could notably promote TP's antioxidant, antiglycation, and immunostimulatory effects, while remarkedly reduce TP's anti-hyperlipidemic effect, which were probably owing to that the UAFT treatment obviously reduced TP's molecular weight. Additionally, the MATT treatment could also promote TP's immunostimulatory effect, which was probably attributed to that the MATT treatment significantly decreased TP's esterification degree. Interestingly, the MATT treatment could regulate TP's antioxidant and antiglycation effects, which was probably attributed to that the MATT treatment simultaneously reduced its esterification degree and bound phenolics. Our findings are conducive to understanding TP's structure-activity relationship, and can afford a scientific theoretical basis for the development of functional or healthy products based on TPs. Besides, the UAFT treatment can be a promising approach for the modification of TP to improve its biological functions.
荞麦芽富含果胶多糖，具有多种有益健康的功效。然而，苦荞芽果胶多糖的精确结构-活性关系仍然很少，这最终限制了它们在食品工业中的应用。因此，本研究采用超声辅助芬顿处理（UAFT）和温和碱处理（MATT）对 TP 进行修饰，然后评估原始和修饰后的 TP 的理化特性对其生物活性的影响。研究结果表明，UAFT 处理可以精确地降低 TP 的分子量，从 8.191×10 Da 降低至 0.957×10 Da。同时，MATT 处理可以精确地降低 TP 的酯化度，从 28.04%降低至 4.72%。然而，UAFT 和 MATT 处理对 TP 的主链和支链都有有限的影响。此外，研究结果表明，UAFT 处理可以显著促进 TP 的抗氧化、抗糖化和免疫刺激作用，同时显著降低 TP 的抗高血脂作用，这可能是由于 UAFT 处理明显降低了 TP 的分子量。此外，MATT 处理还可以促进 TP 的免疫刺激作用，这可能归因于 MATT 处理显著降低了 TP 的酯化度。有趣的是，MATT 处理还可以调节 TP 的抗氧化和抗糖化作用，这可能归因于 MATT 处理同时降低了其酯化度和结合的酚类物质。本研究结果有助于理解 TP 的结构-活性关系，为基于 TP 开发功能性或健康产品提供了科学理论依据。此外，UAFT 处理可以作为修饰 TP 以提高其生物学功能的一种有前途的方法。
