Glampedakis Emmanouil, Iglesias Patricia Cuiña, Chiesa Flaminia, Qalla-Widmer Laetitia, Moroni May-Kou Ku, Riccio Coralie, Sobgoui Béatrix, Tessemo Marie Immaculée Nahimana, Cassini Alessandro
Cantonal Unit for Infection Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Cytel Inc, Geneva, Switzerland.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2024 Aug 7;13(1):86. doi: 10.1186/s13756-024-01443-z.
Influenza infections pose significant risks for nursing home (NH) residents. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of the cantonal influenza campaign, and influenza vaccination coverage of residents and healthcare workers (HCWs) on influenza burden in NHs in a context of enhanced infection prevention and control measures (IPC) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
We extracted data from epidemic reports provided by our unit to NHs over two consecutive winter seasons (2021-22 and 2022-23) and used linear regression to assess the impact of resident and HCW vaccination coverage, and participation in the campaign, on residents' cumulative influenza incidence and mortality.
Thirty-six NHs reported 155 influenza cases and 21 deaths during the two winter seasons corresponding to 6.2% of infected residents and a case fatality ratio of 13.5%. Median vaccination coverage was 83% for residents, 25.8% for HCWs, while 87% of NHs participated in the campaign. Resident vaccination was significantly associated with a decrease in odds of death (odds ratio (OR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-0.99). There was no significant effect of HCW vaccination coverage on resident infections and deaths. Campaign participation was associated with decreased odds of infection and death among residents (OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06-0.47 and OR: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02-0.17 respectively).
Our analysis suggests that in a context of reinforced IPC measures, influenza still represents a significant burden for NH residents. The most effective measures in decreasing resident influenza burden in NHs was participation in the cantonal influenza vaccination campaign and resident vaccination.
流感感染对养老院居民构成重大风险。我们的目的是在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行期间加强感染预防和控制措施（IPC）的背景下，评估州级流感疫苗接种活动、居民和医护人员（HCW）的流感疫苗接种覆盖率对养老院流感负担的影响。
我们从本单位连续两个冬季（2021 - 22年和2022 - 23年）提供给养老院的疫情报告中提取数据，并使用线性回归评估居民和医护人员的疫苗接种覆盖率以及参与活动对居民累积流感发病率和死亡率的影响。
36家养老院报告在这两个冬季有155例流感病例和21例死亡，分别占感染居民的6.2%，病死率为13.5%。居民的疫苗接种覆盖率中位数为83%，医护人员为25.8%，而87%的养老院参与了该活动。居民接种疫苗与死亡几率降低显著相关（优势比（OR）0.96，95%置信区间（CI）：0.93 - 0.99）。医护人员的疫苗接种覆盖率对居民感染和死亡没有显著影响。参与活动与居民感染和死亡几率降低相关（OR分别为：0.17，95%CI：0.06 - 0.47和OR：0.06，95%CI：0.02 - 0.17）。
我们的分析表明，在强化IPC措施的背景下，流感对养老院居民而言仍是一项重大负担。降低养老院居民流感负担最有效的措施是参与州级流感疫苗接种活动和居民接种疫苗。
