Vajdi Mahdi, Moeinolsadat Seyedehelham, Noshadi Nooshin, Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi Fatemeh, Khajeh Mahsa, Abbasalizad-Farhangi Mahdieh, Alipour Beitullah
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 14;10(14):e34604. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34604. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have explored the impact of melatonin on body composition and blood pressure (BP). However, the findings from these studies remain a topic of debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs sought to evaluate the effects of melatonin consumption on body composition (body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC)) and asleep/daytime BP (systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) in adults.
In order to identify eligible RCTs, a systematic literature search was carried out up to June 2024 in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science without any language restrictions. The I statistic was used to perform heterogeneity tests on the selected studies. After evaluating random effects models based on heterogeneity tests, the weighted mean differences (WMD) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated using pooled data.
Overall, 28 studies (n = 1,543 participants) met our inclusion criteria. A pooled analysis of studies demonstrated that melatonin consumption led to a significant reduction in HC (WMD: 1.21 cm; 95 % CI: 1.94 to -0.49; P = 0.001), and daytime DBP (WMD: 1.40 mmHg; 95 % CI: 2.46 to -0.34; P = 0.009) in comparison with the control group. However, no substantial effects were observed on BW, BMI, WC, and SBP compared to the control group. The current meta-analysis of RCTs shows that treatment with melatonin reduces HC and daytime DBP levels in adults. However, further well-designed RCTs with large sample sizes and long durations are necessary to determine the effect of this supplement on body composition and BP.
多项随机对照试验（RCT）探讨了褪黑素对身体成分和血压（BP）的影响。然而，这些研究的结果仍是一个有争议的话题。这项对RCT的系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估成年人服用褪黑素对身体成分（体重（BW）、体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、臀围（HC））以及睡眠/日间血压（收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP））的影响。
为了确定符合条件的RCT，于2024年6月前在PubMed、Embase、Scopus和Web of Science上进行了无语言限制的系统文献检索。使用I统计量对所选研究进行异质性检验。在基于异质性检验评估随机效应模型后，使用汇总数据计算95%置信区间（CI）的加权平均差（WMD）。
总体而言，28项研究（n = 1543名参与者）符合我们的纳入标准。对研究的汇总分析表明，与对照组相比，服用褪黑素可使臀围显著减小（WMD：1.21厘米；95%CI：-1.94至-0.49；P = 0.001），日间舒张压降低（WMD：1.40毫米汞柱；95%CI：-2.46至-0.34；P = 0.009）。然而，与对照组相比，未观察到对体重、体重指数、腰围和收缩压有实质性影响。当前对RCT的荟萃分析表明，褪黑素治疗可降低成年人的臀围和日间舒张压水平。然而，需要进一步设计良好、样本量大且持续时间长的RCT来确定这种补充剂对身体成分和血压的影响。
