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全球变暖和沿海保护区：巴西南大西洋沿海海洋不同区域浮游植物丰度与海面温度的研究

Global warming and coastal protected areas: A study on phytoplankton abundance and sea surface temperature in different regions of the Brazilian South Atlantic Coastal Ocean.

作者信息

da Silveira Bueno Carolina, Paytan Adina, de Souza Cassiano Dias, Franco Telma Teixeira

机构信息

Earth and Planetary Sciences, Ocean Sciences Departament, Institute of Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz California United States.

Interdisciplinary Center of Energy Planning Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil.

出版信息

Ecol Evol. 2024 Aug 7;14(8):e11724. doi: 10.1002/ece3.11724. eCollection 2024 Aug.

DOI:10.1002/ece3.11724
PMID:39114175
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11303980/
Abstract

In this study, we examined the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and phytoplankton abundance in coastal regions of the Brazilian South Atlantic: São Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina, and the Protection Area of Southern right whales () in Santa Catarina (APA), a conservation zone established along 130 km of coastline. Using SST and chlorophyll- (Chl-) data from 2002 to 2023, we found significant differences in SST between the regions, with São Paulo having the highest SST, followed by Paraná and Santa Catarina. All locations showed a consistent increase in SST over the years, with North Santa Catarina, APA and São Paulo experiencing the lowest rate of increase. Correlation analyses between SST and Chl- revealed a stronger inverse relationship in North Santa Catarina and APA, indicating an increased response of Chl- to SST variations in this region. The presence of protected area appears to play an essential role in reducing the negative impacts of increasing SST. Specifically, while there is a wealth of research on the consequences of global warming on diverse coastal and oceanic areas, heterogeneity among different settings persists and the causes for this necessitating attention. Our findings have implications for both localized scientific approaches and broader climate policies, emphasizing the importance of considering coastal ecosystem resilience to climate change in future conservation and adaptation strategies.

摘要

在本研究中，我们考察了巴西南大西洋沿海地区（圣保罗、巴拉那和圣卡塔琳娜）以及圣卡塔琳娜州南露脊鲸保护区（APA）（一个沿130公里海岸线设立的保护区）的海表温度（SST）与浮游植物丰度之间的关系。利用2002年至2023年的海表温度和叶绿素（Chl-）数据，我们发现各地区之间的海表温度存在显著差异，圣保罗的海表温度最高，其次是巴拉那和圣卡塔琳娜。多年来，所有地点的海表温度都呈持续上升趋势，圣卡塔琳娜北部、APA和圣保罗的升温速率最低。海表温度与叶绿素之间的相关性分析显示，在圣卡塔琳娜北部和APA地区存在更强的负相关关系，这表明该地区叶绿素对海表温度变化的响应增强。保护区的存在似乎在减轻海表温度上升的负面影响方面发挥着重要作用。具体而言，虽然关于全球变暖对不同沿海和海洋区域影响的研究很多，但不同环境之间的异质性仍然存在，对此原因需要予以关注。我们的研究结果对局部科学方法和更广泛的气候政策都有启示，强调了在未来的保护和适应战略中考虑沿海生态系统对气候变化恢复力的重要性。

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