Iliuta Floris Petru, Manea Mihnea Costin, Teodorescu Andreea, Lacau Radu-Mihail, Manea Mirela, Mares Aliss Madalina, Varlam Corina Ioana, Ciobanu Constantin Alexandru, Ciobanu Adela Magdalena
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 010221, Romania.
Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov 500019, Romania.
Biomed Rep. 2024 Jul 16;21(3):132. doi: 10.3892/br.2024.1820. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling psychiatric disorders characterized by positive (hallucinations, delusions, formal thinking disorder) and negative symptoms (anhedonia, lack of speech and motivation). The present study aimed to identify the predictive factors of schizophrenia in adults, and potential differences in the environment of origin, sex, levels of occupational stress, intellectual level, marital status and age of onset of the disease depending on the severity of symptoms using analysis of data collected from 120 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The study was conducted at the 'Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia' Clinical Psychiatric Hospital in Bucharest and included adult patients hospitalized between March 2018 and January 2021 diagnosed with schizophrenia and evaluated by general clinical examination, psychiatric, neurological and psychological evaluation. Results revealed that robust predictors of mild and moderate symptoms were affective symptoms, heredo-collateral history of schizophrenia, late onset, the presence of positive and negative symptoms, substance abuse, stress and marital status, unmarried, lower IQ and mental deficiency. For moderate-severe and severe symptoms, predictors were affective symptoms, heredo-collateral history of schizophrenia and affective disorders, substance abuse, stress, borderline IQ and mild mental deficiency. The present results can be used for further development of psychopharmacological management of schizophrenia.
精神分裂症是最具致残性的精神障碍之一，其特征为阳性症状（幻觉、妄想、形式思维障碍）和阴性症状（快感缺乏、言语及动机缺失）。本研究旨在通过对120例精神分裂症确诊患者收集的数据进行分析，确定成人精神分裂症的预测因素，以及根据症状严重程度在疾病起源环境、性别、职业压力水平、智力水平、婚姻状况和发病年龄方面的潜在差异。该研究在布加勒斯特的“亚历山德鲁·奥布雷贾教授博士”临床精神病医院进行，纳入了2018年3月至2021年1月期间住院的成年患者，这些患者被诊断为精神分裂症，并接受了一般临床检查、精神科、神经科和心理评估。结果显示，轻度和中度症状的有力预测因素是情感症状、精神分裂症的遗传旁系病史、发病较晚、存在阳性和阴性症状、药物滥用、压力和婚姻状况（未婚）、智商较低和智力缺陷。对于中度至重度和重度症状，预测因素是情感症状、精神分裂症和情感障碍的遗传旁系病史、药物滥用、压力、边缘智商和轻度智力缺陷。本研究结果可用于精神分裂症心理药物治疗的进一步发展。
