Yang Kaiqi, Li Bo
College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 150028, Guizhou, China.
P.E. Department, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084, China.
Am J Transl Res. 2024 Jul 15;16(7):3148-3156. doi: 10.62347/JAOW7843. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of lower limb alignment abnormalities, specifically physiological knee valgus, on the functional recovery outcomes of athletes with meniscal injuries. It also examined the factors influencing these abnormalities to provide scientific evidence for treatment and rehabilitation of related sports injuries.
We conducted a retrospective study of 118 athletes from Guizhou Normal University, who were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of lower limb alignment abnormalities. The Simple group comprised athletes with isolated meniscal injuries, while the Combined group included athletes with meniscal injuries and concurrent lower limb alignment abnormalities. We assessed the functional status of both groups and analyzed factors influencing lower limb alignment abnormalities.
Of the 118 athletes, 46 (38.98%) exhibited lower limb alignment abnormalities, and 72 (61.02%) did not. No significant differences in general characteristics were found between the groups (all P > 0.05). The Combined group displayed higher Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and Functional Performance Test (FPT) results (coordinated contraction, shuttle run, CarioCa) compared to the Simple group (P < 0.05). Conversely, joint range of motion (ROM), knee muscle strength (flexors), and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were lower in the Combined group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified active ROM < 105.32°, passive ROM < 101.66°, and knee muscle strength (flexors) < 84.41 N as risk factors for lower limb alignment abnormalities (P < 0.05), while FPT acted as a protective factor (P < 0.05). The combined testing model demonstrated higher predictive efficacy (AUC = 0.903, 95% CI: 0.852-0.955, P < 0.001).
Lower limb alignment abnormalities significantly affect the functional recovery outcomes of athletes with meniscal injuries. Factors such as ROM, knee muscle strength, and IKDC score may pose risks for these abnormalities, whereas FPT can provide protective benefits. Timely detection and correction of lower limb alignment abnormalities during the rehabilitation process from meniscal injuries are crucial to enhance recovery and improve prognosis.
本研究旨在探讨下肢对线异常，特别是生理性膝外翻，对半月板损伤运动员功能恢复结果的影响。还研究了影响这些异常的因素，为相关运动损伤的治疗和康复提供科学依据。
我们对贵州师范大学的118名运动员进行了回顾性研究，根据是否存在下肢对线异常将他们分为两组。单纯组包括孤立性半月板损伤的运动员，而合并组包括半月板损伤且并发下肢对线异常的运动员。我们评估了两组的功能状态，并分析了影响下肢对线异常的因素。
118名运动员中，46名（38.98%）表现出下肢对线异常，72名（61.02%）未表现出异常。两组之间在一般特征上未发现显著差异（所有P>0.05）。与单纯组相比，合并组的视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分和功能表现测试（FPT）结果（协调收缩、往返跑、CarioCa）更高（P<0.05）。相反，合并组的关节活动范围（ROM）、膝关节肌肉力量（屈肌）和国际膝关节文献委员会（IKDC）评分较低（所有P<0.05）。多因素逻辑回归分析确定主动ROM<105.32°、被动ROM<101.66°和膝关节肌肉力量（屈肌）<84.41 N为下肢对线异常的危险因素（P<0.05），而FPT为保护因素（P<0.05）。联合测试模型显示出更高的预测效能（AUC=0.903，95%CI：0.852-0.955，P<0.001）。
下肢对线异常显著影响半月板损伤运动员的功能恢复结果。ROM、膝关节肌肉力量和IKDC评分等因素可能对这些异常构成风险，而FPT可提供保护作用。在半月板损伤康复过程中及时发现和纠正下肢对线异常对于促进恢复和改善预后至关重要。
