Li Xue, Xia Yongjun, Song Xin, Xiong Zhiqiang, Ai Lianzhong, Wang Guangqiang
School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Aug 8:1-19. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2387765.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the metabolic diseases with the highest morbidity rates in the world. Probiotics have positive health impacts on human health and a considerable amount of research has demonstrated their beneficial effects in treating T2DM. However, probiotic intervention in T2DM has complex mechanisms because the pathogenesis of T2DM is complex. This review summarized the mechanisms of probiotic intervention in diabetes from the perspective of diabetes pathogenesis. First, the objectives of probiotic intervention in diabetes aimed at the intestinal tract reparative effects, pancreatic function, host metabolism and self-recovery were comprehensively reviewed. Next, we concluded the clinical application status of ingested probiotics in patients with T2DM, and an obvious imbalance exists between theoretical probiotic research and clinical applications. Finally, we summarized the emerging research on probiotic interventions in T2DM and analyzed the literature in this regard, including next-generation probiotics; suggestions for probiotics consumption with the aim of diabetic complications; as well as the association between novel mechanisms of diabetes remission with the potential for probiotic intervention. In conclusion, this review sheds light on the potential role of probiotics, from proposed mechanisms to prospects in relieving T2DM.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）是全球发病率最高的代谢性疾病之一。益生菌对人体健康具有积极影响，大量研究已证明其在治疗T2DM方面的有益作用。然而，由于T2DM的发病机制复杂，益生菌对T2DM的干预机制也较为复杂。本综述从糖尿病发病机制的角度总结了益生菌干预糖尿病的机制。首先，全面综述了益生菌干预糖尿病在肠道修复作用、胰腺功能、宿主代谢和自我恢复方面的目标。其次，我们总结了摄入益生菌在T2DM患者中的临床应用现状，发现益生菌的理论研究与临床应用之间存在明显失衡。最后，我们总结了T2DM益生菌干预的新研究，并分析了这方面的文献，包括新一代益生菌；针对糖尿病并发症的益生菌消费建议；以及糖尿病缓解新机制与益生菌干预潜力之间的关联。总之，本综述揭示了益生菌从提出的机制到缓解T2DM前景的潜在作用。
