Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India.
Biomacromolecules. 2024 Sep 9;25(9):5592-5608. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00685. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
Nitric oxide (NO), a gasotransmitter, is known for its wide range of effects in vasodilation, cardiac relaxation, and angiogenesis. This diatomic free radical also plays a pivotal role in reducing the risk of platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Furthermore, NO demonstrates promising potential in cancer therapy as well as in antibacterial and antibiofilm activities at higher concentrations. To leverage their biomedical activities, numerous NO donors have been developed. Among these, -nitrosamines are emerging as a notable class, capable of releasing NO under suitable photoirradiation and finding a broad range of therapeutic applications. This review discusses the design, synthesis, and biological applications of polymeric -nitrosamines, highlighting their advantages over small molecular NO donors in terms of stability, NO payload, and target-specific delivery. Additionally, various small-molecule -nitrosamines are explored to provide a comprehensive overview of this burgeoning field. We anticipate that this review will aid in developing next-generation polymeric -nitrosamines with improved physicochemical properties.
一氧化氮（NO）作为一种气体递质，以其在血管舒张、心脏放松和血管生成方面的广泛作用而闻名。这种双原子自由基还在降低血小板聚集和血栓形成的风险方面发挥着关键作用。此外，NO 在癌症治疗以及更高浓度下的抗菌和抗生物膜活性方面也具有广阔的应用前景。为了利用其生物医学活性，已经开发了许多 NO 供体。在这些供体中，-亚硝胺作为一个引人注目的类别正在兴起，能够在适当的光辐照下释放 NO，并在广泛的治疗应用中找到用途。本文综述了聚合物-亚硝胺的设计、合成和生物学应用，强调了它们在稳定性、NO 载量和靶向递送上相对于小分子 NO 供体的优势。此外，还探索了各种小分子-亚硝胺，以提供该新兴领域的全面概述。我们预计，这篇综述将有助于开发具有改进理化性质的下一代聚合物-亚硝胺。
